tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-63024816121605220602024-03-08T13:46:58.648-08:00Writing scholarship essayPersuasive Essay Topics Yahoo AnswersLorelai Desjardinshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04887448412328754178noreply@blogger.comBlogger36125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6302481612160522060.post-90404925160363982042020-08-25T02:35:00.001-07:002020-08-25T02:35:12.831-07:00Groups and Teams Essay Example for FreeGatherings and Teams Essay Review a little group or gathering you have been a piece of. Compose a 700-to 1,050-word paper about your experience. â⬠¢Provide a short depiction of the group or gathering. What number of individuals did it incorporate? What was its motivation? â⬠¢Describe the practices the group or gathering showed as it experienced each phase of advancement. â⬠¢Describe an issue the group or gathering experienced. What steps were taken to address and take care of the issue? Was the group or gathering ready to produce an effective arrangement? Why or why not? â⬠¢Discuss the impact that leadershipââ¬or the absence of leadershipââ¬had on the teamââ¬â¢s or groupââ¬â¢s capacity to take care of the issue. What style of administration did the pioneer show? What critical thinking steps were taken to determine the circumstance? What steps would have created better outcomes? â⬠¢Explain whether the group or gathering was compelling. Bolster your situation by talking about objectives, jobs, standard procedures, standards, and qualities your group or gathering showed. How did these attributes influence the teamââ¬â¢s or groupââ¬â¢s capacity to achieve its motivation and take care of the difficult it experienced? â⬠¢Analyze how correspondence added to cohesiveness. Recognize and address how assorted variety or innovation influenced the group or gathering membersââ¬â¢ capacity to speak with each other to arrive at a goals. â⬠¢Explain your musings on how objectives, jobs, standard procedures, and standards help decide viability. How did these attributes influence the teamââ¬â¢s or groupââ¬â¢s capacity to achieve its motivation and take care of the issue? Organization your paper steady with APA rules. Lorelai Desjardinshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04887448412328754178noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6302481612160522060.post-41834758977431293002020-08-22T02:58:00.001-07:002020-08-22T02:58:15.912-07:00Henrician Reformation Free EssaysWhatever Extent Was The Henrician Reformation Inspired By The Political And Dynastic Consideration Rather Than Religious Ideology? The Henrician Reformation acted numerous strictly motivated belief system like well as both political and dynastic contemplations. Proof shows each of the three had their specific impact in effectively moving the Henrician Reformation. From different acts being passed in 1533 and 1534, with one of them being The Act of Supremacy, wherein Henryââ¬â¢s tradition turns out to be more impressive than it was previously. We will compose a custom paper test on Henrician Reformation or on the other hand any comparable subject just for you Request Now Be that as it may, strictly the transformation was motivated by such things as, the break from Rome and the Pope due to Henryââ¬â¢s requirement for a separation structure Catherine of Aragon. Likewise the denominational confidence of England being changed to the new ââ¬ËChurch of Englandââ¬â¢ confidence. Henryââ¬â¢s tradition was in civility straight up to the point wherein he kicked the bucket. This was because of, The Supremacy Act. He got what he needed as far as riches, separate, and so on and the individuals approved of his influence as it didnââ¬â¢t per state influence until he started shutting the cloisters. Henry utilized parliament and legislative issues to make known his developing incomparability over the Church of England confidence. He did at first do this to permit the abrogation of his union with Catherine of Aragon. During the 1540s, as Henryââ¬â¢s wellbeing go down slope and was not exceptionally generous, William Paget and Co. energized an effective topple against the moderates. This thus permitted them to control the kingââ¬â¢s will as well as hold onto power in the following rule. The Henrician Reformation did anyway get propelled by strict belief system. The pregnancy of Anne Boleyn lighted Henryââ¬â¢s effectively critical supplication to be conceded a separation from his present spouse, Catherine of Aragon. The pregnancy itself was a social fake standard and id not please the Pope and the separation procedures would just exacerbate the issue. This was the primary strict motivation, which could be said to have enlivened the Henrician Reformation, which in the long run brought about the break from Rome and the Pope, giving England its new Protestant confidence, The Church of England. When Henry had surrendered to the inescapable loss of his cash he and Thomas Cromwell conceived an arrangement to close the religious communities. This would permit Henry to pick up cash structure the tithes and annates. In 1536 the Ten Articles were distributed. The Ten Articles announced that ââ¬ËChristââ¬â¢s body and blood were really present ââ¬Ësubstantiallyââ¬â¢. This announcement implied that it could be utilized by Catholics or Lutherans too. It was done in the reasoning that it would legitimize the articles which broadcasted that ââ¬Ësinners accomplish the avocation by remorse and confidence got together with chantyââ¬â¢. This was a Catholic obsession. after 3 years, in 1539, The Act of Six Articles was distributed. It was distributed as it became known that England was not as protestant as trusted and still remained generously Catholic. Forswearing of transubstantiation was made deserving of consuming. Strategically and dynastically the reorganization was propelled yet proof shows that without the strict belief system, it wouldnââ¬â¢t have become such a celebrated change. Strict belief system at first began the reconstruction, with Henry needing a male beneficiary to the seat of England. Dynastic and political contemplations just back-up the underlying actuality. The Henrician Reformation started with religion and despite the fact that it was enlivened by legislative issues and administration, this canââ¬â¢t detract from the way that religion profoundly affected the Henrician Reformation. Step by step instructions to refer to Henrician Reformation, Essay models Lorelai Desjardinshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04887448412328754178noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6302481612160522060.post-77317330853364934202020-07-27T20:08:00.001-07:002020-07-27T20:08:02.965-07:00Campus ActivitiesCampus Activities So, now that youre on campus, you have all this free time, right? I mean, classes just started today, but that doesnt mean you still dont have tons of time to do fun stuff. I was digging around on my external hard drive today (which has saved my life more than once, invest in one pronto) and I found a video of me at the beginning of last year that I never blogged. For some brilliant reason I decided that the gallon challenge would be a fun activity to partake in. Not familiar with the gallon challenge? Here are the rules: 1) You have one hour to drink a gallon of milk (any % although whole is more manly) 2) You cant vomit Im the one in the orange fleece, in case you couldnt tell. This video also serves as a great look into the types of conversations that happen here and the kinds we chat about. The great part is that WILG (Womens Independent Living Group) dinner at IHOP was immediately after this so I proceeded to go eat a ton of bacon and be completely miserable all night, even after throwing up. Oh, and for the record, there was less than 1/8 of milk left in that jug. I WAS SO CLOSE! Lorelai Desjardinshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04887448412328754178noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6302481612160522060.post-87358940560751334162020-05-22T13:14:00.001-07:002020-05-22T13:14:03.586-07:00Use of Excessive Force by Police - 3642 Words Use of Excessive Force by Police Use of Excessive Force by Police Police officers are given a significant amount of discretion simply due to the nature of the job. Officers are faced with many threatening situations forcing them to react quickly, yet appropriately. They have the power to infringe upon any citizenââ¬â¢s rights to freedom and therefore they must use this power effectively. One major concern with the amount of discretion officers have is their power to decide when to use force or when to use lethal force. Manning (1997) argues that it is generally accepted that police should be allowed to use force. He also explains that there are an uncertain amount people who agree on as to what constitutes excessive force. The lineâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Guidelines need to be set so that officers continue to incorporate and maintain the concept of community policing. Therefore, there must be information available to inform reader that police discretion not only encompasses use of police profiling, response s to domestic violence, or choices in acceptance of gratuities but discretionary decision to use force. When debating the issue of police use of force, the issue of what actions constitute too much force must also be addressed. Another concern is the possibility of corruption amount officers. When given such great power, the probability of corruption is high. Officers generally do not start out as corrupt, but years of work on the force can create animosity between officers and suspects and lead them to decide to use force more quickly (McEwen, 1996). Many times, officers patrol the streets alone which creates the opportunity for potential abuse of power (McEwen, 1996). Although police officers need to be permitted to exercise some discretion, they also need limits and guidelines to follow when using their powers of discretion (Manning, 1997). The decision to use force should not be taken lightly in that citizenââ¬â¢s lives are at stake. Police should be allowed discretion in dec isions to use force; however, this discretion should be limited. In several cases in Arizona, officers have used deadly means of force. In all cases, the officersShow MoreRelatedPolice Use And Excessive Force1757 Words à |à 8 PagesIn most cases the police is permitted to use any form of necessary force to suppress a suspected criminal with minimal consequences if they use excessive force (ââ¬Å"Police Use Of Forceâ⬠). According to the current law all law enforcement officers should use only the amount of force necessary to weaken an incident, make an arrest, and protect themselves and others from harm (ââ¬Å"Police Use of Forceâ⬠). Officers receive guidance from their individual agencies, but no universal set of rules that governs whenRead MoreUse Of Excessive Force By Police Essay2388 Words à |à 10 Pages Use of excessive force by police Name Institutional affiliation Introduction This paper will discuss issues related to the use of excessive force by the police. In doing this the paper will look at the concepts such as the need for police officers to use force, the definition of excessive force and causes that contribute to the use of excessive force. The paper identifies inadequate training, adrenalin overload, accidental application and retribution as the major causesRead MoreThe Use Of Excessive Force By Police Officers2067 Words à |à 9 PagesAbstract The use of excessive force by police officers is a topic that continues to make headlines and a study that needs to be done. Although much research has gone into this topic there still is no consensus on why the use of excessive force occurs. Some studies suggest lack of training and/or problems with organization policy/procedures. Law enforcement officers are authorized to use force when necessary, but when the level of force is excessive, however, the actions of the police come under scrutinyRead MoreThe Use Of Excessive Force By The Police, Particularly1351 Words à |à 6 PagesThe use of excessive force by the police, particularly in the Unites States has been under much scrutiny and criticism. The implementation of police worn body cameras were introduced as a way to not only improve the safety of the police officers but most importantly to make them accountable for their own misconduct. The presence of a body cam worn by police either during an altercation or on duty, in theor y should mean that there would be less of a likelihood of an officer committing any form ofRead MorePolice Brutality : Use Of Excessive And Unnecessary Force By Police1536 Words à |à 7 Pages Police brutality is the use of excessive and unnecessary force by police when dealing with civilians. Police brutality can be present in many ways. The most common form of police brutality is a physical form. Police officers can use nerve gas, batons, pepper spray, and guns in order to physically intimidate or even intentionally hurt civilians. Police brutality can also take the form of false arrests, verbal abuse, psychological intimidation, sexual abuse, police corruption, racial profilingRead MorePolice Brutality : Use Of Excessive And Unnecessary Force By Police1536 Words à |à 7 Pages Police brutality is the use of excessive and unnecessary force by police when dealing with civilians. Police brutality can be present in many ways. The most common form of police brutality is a physical form. Police officers can use nerve gas, batons, pepper spray, and guns in order to physically intimidate or even intentionally hurt civilians. Police brutality can also take the form of false arrests, verbal abuse, psychological intimidation, sexual abuse, police corruption, racial profilingRead More Police Brutality: Use of Excessive Force Essay1243 Words à |à 5 Pages What is police brutality? Police brutality is an act of misconduct done by a member law enforcement through the use of an extreme amount of force to physically, mentally, or emotionally attack a member of society. Many law enforcement officers, those sworn to protect and serve, have abused their rights and authority to ferociously assault and manipulate citizens, even if they were innocent. Citizens who have b een attacked have been left with physical and emotional scars that can never go away; inRead MorePolice Use Excessive Force On People And Mistreat Minorities1634 Words à |à 7 Pageslikely to be mistreated by the police compared to other people (Dunnaville, 2000). Recent incidents have seen the police use excessive force on people and mistreat minorities. As such, the legitimacy of the police has been put under scrutiny and questioned. Many communities in the United States have demonstrated in reaction to recent incidents of police misconduct and excessive use of force. The people have lost trust in the police because of these issues. The police force has been accused of mistreatingRead MorePolice Enforcement And Police Officers Essay1196 Words à |à 5 Pages An integral training of todayââ¬â¢s police officers duties is the physical skill of the application of use of force. This is needed skill requirement to detain and arrest a person who has committed a crime and resisting. Police officers must be trained to use force properly when the skill is required on a subject who is resisting police officers efforts to place them under arrest. This skill has the potential for the officer to exceed the needed amount of force to place them under arrest that can leadRead MoreExcessive Force And Police Brutality1238 Words à |à 5 PagesINTRODUCTION Excessive force and police brutality have become common terms for anyone keeping up with todayââ¬â¢s current events. In 2014, the media covered numerous cases of excessive force that resulted in the deaths of several people of color (Nelson Staff, 2014). The most widely covered cases by the media in 2014 were of Michael Brown, an 18-year-old black male shot and killed by police officer Darren Wilson in Ferguson, Missouri; and Eric Garner, a 43-year-old black male in Staten Island, New Lorelai Desjardinshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04887448412328754178noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6302481612160522060.post-47505380200534688562020-05-09T04:23:00.001-07:002020-05-09T04:23:02.766-07:00Bringing Kumon Math Center Into Vietnam - 1211 Words EE Outline Intro For this investigation I am going to research on bringing Kumon Math Center into Vietnam. Kumon Math, as its name, Kumon provides a program in which students will have the chance to improve their mathematical skills, from the basic one to the advanced level. It is available for students from all ages to join. Vietnam is a great potential market to invest in. Since Vietnam has the policies of searching for oversea investment, it has been an attractive market for many foreign companies. The economy and industry there are in the developing process, which means that they are lack of investments from outside. Moreover, the educational system has been focusing a lot on natural science subjects such as math and other ones which also involve in math (physics, chemistry, biology). This is the point that I want to exploit from, open up an education center in a country which is always looking for outside investments and focusing highly on the education for young generation should be reasonable and fit in. Kumon Math Reading Centers: Kumon, the math Center established by a Japanese math teacher whose name is Toru Kumon (the Center is named after him). This is an education center where students will have a chance to improve their mathematical skills. It doesnââ¬â¢t have official teaching programs as private or public schools do, here students are taught from the beginner math to math advance, depends on how students are mastered at a level, school will move him to theShow MoreRelatedBringing Kumon Math And Reading Center Into Vietnam1795 Words à |à 8 PagesFor this investigation I am going to research on bringing Kumon Math and Reading Center into Vietnam. Kumon Math, as its name, Kumon provides a program in which students will have the chance to improve their mathematical skills, from the basic one to the advanced level. It is available for students from all ages to join. Vietnam is a great potential market to invest in. Since Vietnam has the policies of searching for oversea investment, it has been an attractive market for many foreign companiesRead MoreHow The Kumon Math And Reading Centre Franchise Into Is Beneficial?1811 Words à |à 8 PagesResearch Question: How bringing Kumon Math and Reading Centre franchise into is beneficial? Intro For this investigation I am going to research on bringing Kumon Math and Reading Center into Vietnam. Kumon Math, as its name, Kumon provides a program in which students will have the chance to improve their mathematical skills, from the basic one to the advanced level. It is available for students from all ages to join. Vietnam is a great potential market to invest in. Since Vietnam has the policies of Lorelai Desjardinshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04887448412328754178noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6302481612160522060.post-43935309304959122632020-05-06T10:02:00.001-07:002020-05-06T10:02:47.892-07:00English Essay on the Short Story ââ¬ÅThe Islandââ¬Â Free Essays English essay on the short storyâ⬠The Islandâ⬠We all know the word Freedom, but do we truly know what it means? Itââ¬â¢s a good word which explains: No commitments, no chains, no concerns and no insecurity. The Scottish short story ââ¬ËThe Islandââ¬â¢ is an expression for this freedom and to indulge you to something bigger than yourself. It could be God or in this case, it is the beautiful nature. We will write a custom essay sample on English Essay on the Short Story ââ¬Å"The Islandâ⬠or any similar topic only for you Order Now This short story is published in 1992 and the author is unknown. The main character is Doris (last name unknown), she has a son, named John who is married with Annette, and is Dorisââ¬â¢ daughter-in-law. We can estimate Doris to be 50-60 years old, if we figure her son, Johnââ¬â¢s age and his status as a married man. Dorisââ¬â¢ relationship with the young couple is difficult, because she is an outsider, she is old, and they are young, both John and his wife Annette. ââ¬Å"When Doris visited, Annette never found her jobs, or asked favours. If there were children, it might be different, but in her heart Doris doubted it. â⬠(p. 1, ll. 11-12). According to this line, we easily get to know what Doris experience is with Annette. And we get to know that Doris want to involve herself more in the young coupleââ¬â¢s life. She had half hoped that John, at least, would say he really wanted her to come. But no. Certainly her daughter-in-law did not need her. ââ¬Å"(p. 1, ll. 8-9). And it comes to express, that Doris also not want to be alone, not needed. John and Annette, mostly Annette, tread Doris like a child. ââ¬Å"They saw several more beaches that Doris wanted to explore on foot, but she was imprisoned in the back seat. â⬠(p. 1, ll. 34-35). And they, John and Annette keep saying that Doris needs to relax and take it easy. The Island we are on is called Tiree. Tiree is an island off the west coast of Scotland. As long as Doris stays on the island, she becomes freer. First of all, she meets an elderly man, carrying fish in a basket on the beach. They small-talk, and she looks at the nature around her and the man. â⬠Standing here she felt that her house in the busy Anchusa Road belonged in another world. â⬠(p. 2, ll. 48-49). I can imagine this feeling Doris feels, because I had stood in a directly situation like her. The busy world is far from you, and you are flying. You have no concerns about anything, youââ¬â¢re not bound to anything and youââ¬â¢re feeling like youââ¬â¢re flying. It is an inexpressible moment. And it gives you the taste of freedom. Thatââ¬â¢s why we, in the end of this short story, hear that Doris want to live on the island. And after this boost of freedom, she sees an otter. â⬠She breathes a sigh of pleasure. â⬠(p. 2, l. 53). After this experience John and Annette observe, that Doris becomes very obstinate. In the short story it sounds like, John and Annette are forced to live with Doris, because else where they canââ¬â¢t get her house, after she dies of course. The nature has a big role in this short story. Feature Article ââ¬âà The Plane of the Sleeping Beauty Analysis Because it helps Doris to see the freedom, and to be free. We can see in different sections that the nature has an effect at Doris: The next morning it was raining but Doris went out all the same. A mist had come in from the sea and every blade of grass was hung with silver droplets. It was, to Doris, even more beautiful than the day before. She found a patch with creamy mushrooms. She picked one, peeled off the delicate skin and ate it. â⬠(p. 2, ll. 65- 68). According to these lines, we can tell, that the nature has a big influence on Doris. I think she never tried to eat a mushroom, uncooked. And we can tell, because she lives in the city, she had too much influence from it, and that shows us, people like Annette and John. And thatââ¬â¢s why they flip out in the end of the short story, because they hear Doris wild idea to sell the house in Anchusa Road, and move to the island:â⬠â⬠Youââ¬â¢ll do no such thing. â⬠Annette was startled into open bad manners. â⬠(p. 3, l. 116). This clearly shows us, what kind of people they are too, compared to Doris, especially Annette. We can conclude the short story ââ¬ËThe Islandââ¬â¢ as a released giving story to people without freedom and to those people who is still in chains, and canââ¬â¢t get out. The short story shows a lot of things, we can categorize as the themes of this short story. Freedom, relationships in the family and identity, but the most important of these themes is freedom. Over and over again, we can reed trough the lines, that Doris doesnââ¬â¢t has it, and wants it, and the only thing, in her case, who can give it to her, is the nature. Therefore the nature plays a big role in this short story, and we know it from our own lives. The nature gives and shows us, the humans, freedom. How to cite English Essay on the Short Story ââ¬Å"The Islandâ⬠, Essay examples Lorelai Desjardinshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04887448412328754178noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6302481612160522060.post-43389476095858080762020-04-28T15:50:00.001-07:002020-04-28T15:50:03.389-07:00Why Homeschooling Is On The Rise Of The World Essay Example For Students Why Homeschooling Is On The Rise Of The World Essay For so many decades in most countries around the world, education was offered to children in formal areas allocated for this purpose. These areas were mainly schools and colleges. A certain number of hours were assigned every day to education in which the children would leave home in the morning for school spend the whole day being taught in a series of classes as well as co-curricular activities. On a normal school day, children would be taught different subjects that the school offers have some time allocated for physical education and sports and also have breaks in-between for meals. Recently, however, homeschooling is on the rise in most parts of the world. We will write a custom essay on Why Homeschooling Is On The Rise Of The World specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Homeschooling is categories into three main techniques; Traditional method which is similar to teaching in public schools in terms of curriculum, grading etc., Classical education method, a model that tailors the curriculum to a child s cognitive development, Charlotte Mason method and the Montessori method. (Succesful Home schooling, 2007) For so many years this system of education was a reserve for the royals who were not allowed to freely mingle with children of other citizens. Homeschooling also known as home education refers to the education of the children inside the home as opposed to a formal setting of a private or public school. This practice is on the rise with statistics showing that today more than two million kids are taught at home. Although many scholars support education that is offered in formal settings such as schools, homeschooling has been an effective alternative to a cheaper more wholesome method of educating children. This practice has immense positive effects on a child physically, mentally and socially with very dismal differences in terms of a c. .r simply they are gifted in other areas of life. It is important for education to accommodate all these variables since education is a right of every child. Education offered in learning institution may not fully address all of these differences because of the large numbers. Homeschooling, therefore, provides parents with an opportunity to keenly monitor their childrenââ¬â¢s progress and to customize education in order to maximize learning. Homeschooling focuses on education for learning and knowledge and not for competition or grades. This is a more wholesome approach to learning because children are not subjected to exams and graded on the basis of performance as in the case of schools. Here the goal is to ensure that a child is learning. Schools create an environment for competition and children there may study and cram just to pass their tests and exams. (Bean, 2016) Lorelai Desjardinshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04887448412328754178noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6302481612160522060.post-14530180678777477102020-03-20T03:49:00.001-07:002020-03-20T03:49:02.493-07:00The Definition of Psychological RealismThe Definition of Psychological Realism Psychological realism is a style of writing that came to prominence in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.à Itââ¬â¢s a highly character-driven genre of fiction writing, as it focuses on the motivations and internal thoughts of characters to explain their actions. A writer of psychological realism seeks to show not only what the characters do but also to explain why they take such actions. Theres often a larger theme in psychological realism novels, with the author expressing an opinion on a societal or political issue through his or her characters. However, psychological realism should not be confused with psychoanalytic writing or surrealism, two other modes of artistic expression that flourished in the 20th century and focused on psychology in unique ways. Dostoevsky and Psychological Realism An excellent example of this genre (although the author himself didnââ¬â¢t necessarily agree with the classification) is Fyodor Dostoevskyââ¬â¢s Crime and Punishment. This 1867 novel (first published as a series of stories in a magazine in 1866) centers on Russian student Radion Raskolnikov and his plan to murder an unethical pawnbroker. Raskolnikov needs the money, but the novel spends a great deal of time focusing on his self-recrimination and his attempts to rationalize his crime.à Throughout the novel, we meet other characters who are engaged in distasteful and illegal acts motivated by their desperate financial situations: Raskolnikovs sister plans to marry a man who can secure her familys future, his friend Sonya prostitutes herself because she is penniless. In understanding the characters motivations, the reader gains a better understanding of the conditions of poverty, which was Dostoevskysà overarching goal.à American Psychological Realism: Henry James American novelist Henry James also used psychological realism to great effect in his novels. James explored family relationships, romantic desires and small-scale power struggle through this lens, often in painstaking detail.à Unlike Charles Dickens realist novels (which tend to level direct criticisms at social injustices) or Gustave Flauberts realist compositions (which are made up of lavish, finely-ordered descriptions of varied people, places, and objects), James works of psychological realism focused largely on the inner lives of prosperous characters. His most famous novels- including The Portrait of a Lady, The Turn of the Screw, and The Ambassadors- portray characters who lack self-awareness but often have unfulfilled yearnings. Other Examples of Psychological Realism James emphasis on psychology in his novels influenced some of the most important writers of the modernist era, including Edith Wharton and T.S. Eliot. Whartons The Age of Innocence, which won the Pulitzer Prize for fiction in 1921, offered an insiders view of upper-middle-class society. The novels title is ironic since the main characters of Newland, Ellen, and May, operate in circles that are anything but innocent. Their society has strict rules about what is and isnt proper, despite what its inhabitants want.à As in Crime and Punishment, the inner struggles of Whartons characters are explored to explain their actions, while at the same time the novel paints an unflattering picture of their world.à Eliots best-known work, the poem The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock, also falls into the category of psychological realism, although it also could be classified as surrealism or romanticism as well. Its definitely an example of stream of consciousness writing, as the narrator describes his frustration with missed opportunities and lost love. Lorelai Desjardinshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04887448412328754178noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6302481612160522060.post-41679029984386641082020-03-03T19:34:00.001-08:002020-03-03T19:34:02.838-08:00How To Write Every Day (and why you should)How To Write Every Day (and why you should) How To Write Every Day (and why you should) How To Write Every Day (and why you should) By Ali Hale If you aspire to be a writer, and read tips from well known authors, youââ¬â¢ll have come across the advice that you should write every day. Sharon suggested this in the best way to start out in freelance writing: I recommend writing every day, even if itââ¬â¢s only for a little while. It makes writing part of your daily routine and it makes it easy to draw on the skills you have built up even if a particular writing project isnââ¬â¢t very inspiring. And shes in good company. Stephen King (in On Writing) tells fiction writers to aim for a target of 1,000 words a day, six days a week. Julia Cameronââ¬â¢s bestselling book The Artistââ¬â¢s Way has popularised the idea of ââ¬Å"the morning pagesâ⬠ââ¬â writing three pages in your journal when you wake up. And if you have a blog, whether a personal or professional one, you might well be trying to publish something new every day (perhaps you want to emulate the success of blogs like ââ¬ËDaily Writing Tipsââ¬â¢ â⬠¦ ;-)) Knowing that itââ¬â¢s a good idea to write every day, however, doesnââ¬â¢t make it easy to do so! Often, youââ¬â¢ll be busy and struggle to find a chance to write ââ¬â and when you do have the time, you may not feel creative. Hereââ¬â¢s how to write fiction, journal entries or blog posts every day: Fiction Iââ¬â¢ve found it easiest to write daily when Iââ¬â¢m working on a longer piece of fiction, such as a novel. End each day in the middle of a scene (or even in the middle of a sentence), and youââ¬â¢ll never be faced with a blank screen at the start of your writing session. Have a target number of words or pages to aim for each day ââ¬â perhaps working towards a deadline. Iââ¬â¢d strongly recommend taking part in NaNoWriMo this November (or doing your own novel writing month before then); to ââ¬Å"winâ⬠you have to write 50,000 words in a month ââ¬â averaging 1,667 per day. Itââ¬â¢s challenging, but will definitely help you to establish the daily writing habit! If youââ¬â¢re working on short stories, and aiming to write every day, Iââ¬â¢d urge you to count planning, outlining and editing as part of your writing. You might find you need to allocate a day for coming up with ideas (brainstorming), a day for planning in more detail, then three or four days to write the first draft. Journal You donââ¬â¢t need to write in your journal first thing in the morning. If, like me, youââ¬â¢re a ââ¬Å"morning personâ⬠, you might well find itââ¬â¢s a good time to think through your plans and hopes for the day in writing â⬠¦ but for many people, finding time to journal before breakfast just isnââ¬â¢t practical. The important thing with daily journaling is to be consistent with when you do it. Pick a time of day when youââ¬â¢ll always write in your journal (before breakfast, during your lunch hour, last thing at night before you go to bed) and it will quickly become a habit. Also, try to see your journaling as a treat ââ¬â a little chunk of time set aside just for you and your thoughts. It might help to buy a really nice notebook to write in (I have a lovely A4 hardback one for my journal), or to have your favourite drink or snack during your journaling time. Blogging Just because you want to publish a post every day doesnââ¬â¢t mean you have to write one each day: many bloggers write several posts ahead of time (perhaps at the weekend, if they have full-time jobs) then publish them throughout the week. Skellie, for example, suggests: Set aside one morning or afternoon on the quietest day of the week where you will write all non-news posts for the following seven days. However, if you have a news-orientated blog, youââ¬â¢ll need to cover stories as and when they break ââ¬â writing and publishing on the same day. Or if your blog is a personal diary, you might be trying to keep it updated daily (especially if youââ¬â¢re posting your achievements towards a goal). In these situations, a deadline and a sense of responsibility to your readers can work wonders. Promise on your blog that thereââ¬â¢ll be a new post each day, then set yourself a private daily deadline (eg. 8pm) and aim to hit ââ¬Å"publishâ⬠before then. Even when youââ¬â¢re not in the mood to write, the embarrassment of letting your readers down will motivate you to get typingâ⬠¦ Are you trying to write every day? What sort of writing are you doing ââ¬â and is it going well? Do you have any great advice for other Daily Writing Tips readers who want to establish a daily writing habit? Let us know with the comment form below! Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Writing Basics category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:7 Examples of Passive Voice (And How To Fix Them)Proved vs. ProvenPrepositions to Die With Lorelai Desjardinshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04887448412328754178noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6302481612160522060.post-71807635456042459552020-02-16T11:00:00.001-08:002020-02-16T11:00:03.859-08:00DENTAL HEALTH EDUCATION AND ORAL HYGIENE INSTRUCTION TO A SMOKER EssayDENTAL HEALTH EDUCATION AND ORAL HYGIENE INSTRUCTION TO A SMOKER COMMUNITY - Essay Example different methods of giving information, I would like to convey to them the possible health difficulties that they will most likely face and ultimately, persuade them to drop the habit. The group that I have specified are my friends who are heavy smokers and who seem to ignore the dangers posed by their habits, I would like to enlighten them on the dangers that they imbue on themselves with smoking. For this study, I will identify six resources that will greatly help in illustrating how dangerous smoking is. Mostly, it will be through the form of websites, journals, case studies and videos that greatly focus on the oral health problems that stem from smoking tobacco. First is an Australian Dental Journal (1999) with the title of the article being ââ¬ËDentistââ¬â¢s attitudes and practices towards smokingââ¬â¢, which in a nutshell aims to identify the importance of the oral health guardians in the dissemination of information and to the persuasion of dropping the smoking habit. (1) To further deepen the study on this article, the researchers used a survey among dentists and their interaction with patients on smoking. The aim was to establish the dentistsââ¬â¢ current practice regarding discussing smoking with patients, to explore dentistsââ¬â¢ perceptions of the barriers to discussing smoking with patients and to explore dentistsââ¬â¢ interest in discussing smoking with patients. During the study, the reasons why smokers cannot stop the habit was identified. (1) Now, regarding my view if this study is effective in persuading smokers to stop smoking, it certainly is. To whom do we entrust our oral health care better than our dentists? If they advise patients on the situation of their oral health, they would most probably listen. And given their knowledge on the situation, it would really be foolhardy for patients to ignore their diagnosis. Another published article about the dangers of smoking tobacco is: ââ¬ËTobacco or Oral Healthââ¬â¢ made as a guide to health Lorelai Desjardinshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04887448412328754178noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6302481612160522060.post-55154318579693524842020-02-02T19:50:00.001-08:002020-02-02T19:50:03.186-08:00UK's over-Reliance on Deregulation and Current Economic Crisis EssayUK's over-Reliance on Deregulation and Current Economic Crisis - Essay Example Debt accumulated in the deregulated industry of the United Kingdom through the rising acknowledgment on the amount of bad debt in the system was much bigger than that it was previously presumed to be. Sequentially, confusion arose amongst the United States financial regulators concerning the approach to be used to react to the increasing number of borrowing defaults. Reluctantly driven to make mortgage corporations Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac public, they suddenly swapped to permitting prominent investment banks Lehman Brothers to fold (Kilmister, 2008). 3. Crisis in European banking system The European banking system deteriorated into a downturn in three ways. Firstly, the intensifying tide of bad balances put the banks at risk of bankruptcy. Secondly, the clear change in the Federal Reserve policy from the previous save from bear sterns formed a panic in the inert-bank borrowing market. The United Kingdom was doubtful on which banks could withstand the bad debts and stopped the lend ing services that they offered, leading to an entire market seize up. Thirdly, stock market financial speculators also dreaded losses, hence drawing back from their shares. Bank regulation is grounded on the notion of borrowings can just be a definite amount of bank capital and such a situation is bound to go through a substantial decline in shares and ultimately reduce capital by a great extent. Bank borrowing in the European market decreased significantly ending in further risks of the stability of the financial system in the United Kingdom. While these issues were mainly experienced the US and UK only, the real estate sector shot up, and bank deregulation had been particularly strong in continental Europe....This paper aims to establish set of necessary measures, that should be taken by the government in order to to battle the ramifications of the economic Crisis in the UK. It is argued in the paper, that the level of deregulation in the monetary sectors of the UK had aggravated the economic impacts of the crisis. Financial modernization has enhanced liquidity and facilitated investors to spread risk of venturing in the financial sector through intercontinental diversification. The disadvantage of the approach is that worldwide implications of the present crisis are more reflective of past economic depressions. The spending cutbacks by the government were observed to be essential by contrasting the economiesââ¬â¢ of United Kingdom with Greece and Ireland. Outside the Euro market, the United Kingdom faces a much superior flexibility on other financial markets apart from the bond markets. It is apparent that the objective of the government was to have the least level of state participation in the economic sector and provide subsidies that could be used to reinstate commercial and central banks to profitability positions, in anticipation of a rapid sale of the governmentââ¬â¢s ventures. The new regulatory protections rushed by the UK`s government have been implemented with the aim of preventing the outburst of another financial crisis. The new policies enacted by the governments have established an economy not ready for a financial crisis. The policies have created room for perhaps a much worse crisis in the future. Lorelai Desjardinshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04887448412328754178noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6302481612160522060.post-91916564504770185702020-01-25T16:14:00.001-08:002020-01-25T16:14:05.415-08:00Impact Of Organisational Culture In The Hairdressing Sector Commerce EssayImpact Of Organisational Culture In The Hairdressing Sector Commerce Essay Culture is quite difficult to define, when we speak of culture we know what it is and what / how it is manifested in an organisation but a clear, unambiguous definition eludes us! This is because culture has different meanings, depending on life experiences, background, religion, belief and values. Nonetheless, there are several influential writers on culture including Hofstede, Trompenaars, Hampden Turner, Schein, Ouchi, Schneider and Barsoux, Deal and Kennedy and Handy, whose work is still recognised in contemporary organisations. However, Handy, described culture in organisations as the way we do things around here. These things are accepted norms and values of an organisation, developed over time into expected behaviour patterns. They generally emanate from top management level of the Organisation; but this is not always the case (Managing in Organisation, ABE Study Manual, 2008). Even though it is reasonable to infer that culture can influence behaviour, this relationship is over-simplified by strong culture models. According to Guy S. Saffold, III, (1988), if researchers are to precisely examine the link between culture and performances, they must assess other internal processes that affect performance. Although, the literature on organisational culture and its correlation with business performance is rich and diverse, there are only a few empirical studies that profoundly explored this relationship. Furthermore, these studies simply focused on the impact on culture on medium to large organisation but few or little has focused specifically on small businesses in the hairdressing sector. For this reason, this project will seek to Assess organisational culture using several theoretical frameworks Evaluate if there is a link between organisational culture and performance in small hairdressing businesses Identify the advantages and disadvantages of having a strong culture in hairdressing business Introduction It is not the physically powerful, hasty and most ferocious who survive. It is the most flexible Charles Darwin Organisations operate in a very unpredictable environment; hence survival depends on the organisations ability to exploit resources; collaborate and adjust. There are extensive demonstrations (Kotter and Heskitt, 1992) that strong cultures support performance by creating value to stakeholders through consistency and high quality goods and services. Deshpandà © and Webster (1989) by exploring several studies in organisational behavior, sociology, and anthropology, defined organisational culture as a pattern of shared values and beliefs that aid individuals understand organisational functioning and thus provide them with the norms for behavior in the organisation (p. 4). Following these and other authors (e.g., Chatman and Jehn, 1994), organisational culture is conceptualized and quantified in terms of widely shared and strongly held values. The elements of organisational culture range from basic assumptions through values and behavioral norms to actual patterns of behavior (Rousseau, 1990). Values typically act as the defining elements of a culture, and norms, symbols, rituals, and other cultural activities revolve around them (Enz 1988). When the members of a social unit share values, an organisational culture or value system can be said to exist (Weiner 1988). According to (Denison, 1984), if an organisation possesses a strong culture by exhibiting a well-integrated and effective set of specific values, beliefs, and behaviors, then it will perform at a higher level of productivity. On the other hand (Kotter Heskitt 1992) concluded that the statement that a strong culture is the basis for outstanding performance appears to be incorrect. Burt et al (1999) agreed with Kotter and Heskitt to an extent but carried their analysis further. They suggest that the relationship between culture and performance depends upon the degree of rivalry. Their research showed that culture is important depending on the competitiveness of the market. They believed that market and culture go hand in hand. If firms have low rivalry in the market then strong culture is not an advantage. Furthermore in some markets where there is competition there is still no correlation between culture and performance. Equally, (Sorenson, 2002) believed that strong cultures often hinders flexibility which is required for survival especially during sporadic transformations, such as we face currently, organisations with strong culture are most often crippled by their own organisational DNA. Whether or not culture is an economical advantage depends upon the market situation. In the retail sector, culture may be a competitive asset. In a multifaceted market, culture appears to have no effect on economic performance (Douglas N. Ross, 2002). It all depends. However, gaining a profound understanding of culture is essential in order to find out whether there is a link between organisational culture and performance. The next chapter begins with an overview of culture. An overview of organisational culture The term organisational culture was used for the first time in the academic literature by Pettigrew in 1979 in the journal Administrative Science Quarterly. Organisational culture was used to explain the economic successes of Japanese firms over American firms by motivating workers who were committed to a common set of core values, beliefs and assumptions (Denison, 1984). One of the most important reasons that explain the interest in organisational culture is the assumption that certain organisational cultures lead to an increase in organisational financial performance. According to Peters and Waterman (1982) successful organisations possess certain cultural traits of excellence. Ouchi (1981) showed a positive relationship between organisational culture and productivity. We have seen many definitions of culture, earlier in the analysis, however, Edgar Scheins defined organisational culture more specifically as the basic assumption and beliefs that are shared by members of an organisation, that operates unconsciously and define in a basic taken-for-granted approach, the routine that build ups over time. In other words, culture is about that which is taken for granted but nonetheless contributes to how group of people respond and behave in relations to the issues they face. It therefore has important influences on the development and change of organisational strategy (Johnson and Scholes, 2008). According to Johnson and scholes (2008) , the culture of an organisation is often concevied as consisting of four layers which would be disucussed in Fig.1.below. Fig.1 The four layers as described by Johnson and Scholes (2008) are Firstly, values are easily identifiable in an organisation, and are often documented statements about an organisation mission, objectives or strategies. However, they can be vague. Secondly, beleifs are more specific but again they can typically be discerned in how people talk about issues in the organisation. Thirdly, behaviors are the day to day way in which an organistion operates and can be seen by people both inside the organisation. This includes the work routines, how the organisation is structured and controlled and softer issues around symbolic behaviors. Finally, taken for granted assumption or paradigms are the core of an organsational culture. They are the facets of an organisations life which people find difficult to identify and explain. The paradigm can underpin successful strategies by providing a basis of common understanding in an organisation, but can also be a major problem (Johnson and Scholes, 2008). Similar conceptions of culture are offered by Dandridge et al. (1980), Pettigrew (1979), as well as Trice and Beyer (1984). Schein (1990) suggests that cultures are created through the way organisations have reacted to important incidents in the past and have thus evolved certain norms, as well as through the identification of organisational members with their leaders. As such, organisational cultures are perpetuated through the process of socialization of new members into the organisation. Hofstede (1980) identified four dimensions of organisational culture: power distance, uncertainty avoidance, individualism /collectivism and masculinity / femininity. Later, Hofstede (1998:238) defined organisational culture as a concept that has the following features: à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¢ holistic (describing the synergy); à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¢ historically determined (reflecting the past,); à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¢ related to the things such a customs and symbols, (these are studied by anthropologist). à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¢ socially constructed (moulded and preserved by the collection of individuals who collectively form the organisation); à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¢ soft, and; à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¢ difficult to change. This overview on culture provides useful insight in understanding culture from a theoretical standpoint which would be useful in this research analysis. Literature Review It is arguable that the academic acceptance of culture, without the usual bickering and scepticism associated with new concepts, is a major indication of the perceived importance of the concept (Alvesson, 1990). However, this is not to infer that there is consensus on the meaning and relevance of the concept. On the contrary, there is widespread disagreement on the definition and scope of the organisational culture concept (Ogbonna and Harris, 1998a). However, the link between organisational culture and high performance in an organisation has been very debateable; because there is little empirical evidence to suggest a direct link between culture and an organisational performance especially in small businesses. Of course failure to establish an empirical link does not mean that no such link exists. According to (Skà ¶ldberg, 1990), empirical study in the area is very difficult to carry out. Not only is culture difficult to capture but so is performance. While it has been suggested that culture accounts for the economic performance of various countries (Hofstede, 1980; Hofstede and Bond, 1988), the idea of corporate culture also serves to provide a basis for understanding the differences that may exist between successful companies operating in the same national culture (Schein, 1990). Peters and Waterman (1982), for example, believed that successful organisations possess certain cultural traits of excellence. Ouchi (1981) presented a similar relationship between corporate culture and increased productivity, while (Deal and Kennedy 1982) argued that the performance of an organisation is dependent on the degree to which the values of the culture are widely shared, that is, are strong Nevertheless, the claim that organisational culture is linked to performance is founded on the perceived role that culture can play in generating competitive advantage (Scholz, 1987). Reed and DeFillippi, (1990) added that sustainable competitive advantage arises from the creation of organisational competencies which are both superior and imperfectly imitable by competitors. Similarly, (Bryan Adkins, 2004) suggests that culture does matter, and a strong, effective culture will outperform a weak culture every time. In a study done by (Coogan Partners Apos, 2005) they concluded also that companies who out-perform their competitors have specific cultural differences. Early researchers who link culture to organisational performance are unequivocal in their claims. An illustration of this is derived from the works, (Deal and Kennedy, 1982; Ouchi, 1981; Pascale and Athos, 1981; Peters and Waterman, 1982) who argue that successful organisations are distinguished by their ability to promote cultural values which are consistent with their chosen strategies. Although this view met with initial popularity in the 1980s, the principal tenets of the argument have been subjected to extensive criticism from writers such as (Legge, 1994; Ogbonna, 1993; Willmott, 1993). By the 1990s, researchers assessing the links between culture and performance were more cautious. For example, Gordon and DiTomaso (1992) and Denison (1990) both propose that there is a link between certain organisational culture characteristics and performance but each add a number of conditions. In particular, they note that culture will remain linked with superior performance only if the culture is able to adapt to changes in environmental conditions. Besides, the culture must not only be strong as suggested by writers such as Deal and Kennedy 1982, Ouchi, 1981 and Peters and waterman, 1982) but it must also have unique qualities which cannot be imitated. However, more recently, it has been suggested that the relationship between culture and performance, is fragile (Ogbonna and Harris: Leadership style organisational culture and performance 769 (Hop et al., 1992; Lewis, 1994; Lim, 1995; Ray, 1986; Willmott, 1993). Sorenson, (2002) argued that continuous change; such as we encounter presently, strong cultured organisations are most often crippled by their own organisational DNA. According to (Dean Mcfarlin), when organisation with well-defined culture is operating in somewhat steady milieu, their core competences and strategies are in alignment with the business objectives. In such environments, well structured cultures enable an organisation to function like new machines, sailing down by outstanding performance. That said, if the environment becomes extremely unstable, companies must become innovative and efficiently exploit resources to stay on top. However, companies with well-built cultures may find it difficult to adapt to such extremely unpredictable situation. A well-defined culture makes it easy for employees to clutch onto the existing status quo and, simultaneously, less willing and enthusiastic about exploring new ways of performing the task. The underlying principle is that a strong organisational culture may be something of a two-fold sword. When you believe in the existing culture of the organisation, it becomes hard to replace them with new id eas even if it a source of competitive disadvantage. Some researchers believed that strong cultures may, however, impose a level of stability on organisations, and such stability has mixed implications for performance. Denison and Mishra (1995) found that stability traits such as a firms mission, consistency, and normative integration, were related to its profitability. Specifically, organisations with strong cultures had greater returns on investments, but only in the short run; after three years the relationship between cultural consistency and performance became negative (Denison, 1990). Sorensen found that strong culture organisations were more financially successful in stable environments and less successful in dynamic environments. Thus, while cultural strength and stability may enhance organisational performance in the short run and in stable environments, they may also inhibit an organisations ability to change, adapt, or innovate. Finally it is not possible to say that organisational culture in general or a specific type of culture has a clear and simple effect on performance but this does not mean that there is no connection between culture (however defined) and performance; on a general level there certainly is. Whipp et al. (1989: 582) believed that elements of culture may supply vital links between the rational aspects of policy and the subjective, less tangible features of employees behaviour exactly because of the way values pervade an enterprise. Propositions of how culture brings about distinct outcomes, however, often seem problematic. Either the causal link is speculative and uncertain or it is difficult to separate culture from outcome. Some of the authors treated in some depth above (Schein and Louis), run into problems when they claim correlations between organisational culture and what they treat as other elements. However it is difficult, even misleading, to say that the culture as a whole has been a significant cause of financial returns. Despite the claims for a link between organisational culture and performance is very rich and diverse, few studies appear to have actually examined the existence as well as the nature of this relationship. Strong cultures and its influence on performance are questionable in the current dynamic environment, besides some theorists query the universality of a culture-performance link. Research design and Methodology The subject of organisational culture and its influence on performance has attracted extensive interest from many scholars, students and researchers alike, but their interest has focused extensively on medium to large businesses but little has focused directly on the influence of organisational culture on the performance of small businesses, hence my interest in the subject matter. This research would be conducted using both primary and secondary research methods of data collection. The primary method proposed is semi-structured interview and the secondary methods would be text books and journal articles. After careful analysis of past literature on culture and performance, qualitative research design such as interview was clearly appropriate. Consequently, a sample of 30 businesses in the hairdressing industry would be selected via the utilisation of a systematic random selection procedure with appropriate units to be selected on a variety of criteria, including company turnover, date of registration, and number of employees. In order to limit potential measurement error, responses would be required from key Personnel, knowledgeable in a variety of tactical and strategic activities (Bowman and Ambrosini, 1997; Snow and Hrebiniak, 1980; Hambrick, 1981; Nayyar, 1992). Undeniably, a plethora of prescriptive articles and books such as Alan Bryan Emma Bell (2003) Business Research Methods, proposed useful suggestions on effective research design, formulation and execution which would be helpful in this research and as a result improve content validity and reliability and most importantly covers ethical issues associated with research. The efficient and effective administration and implementation of the research method (semi-structured interview) is key and the researcher is aware that this could influence the overall success of data generation and the achievement of satisfactory responses (Dillman, 1978; Churchill, 1991; Faria and Dickinson, 1992). A pilot study will be carried out to pre-test the research instrument (Baker 1994: 182-3). The study would be undertaken because it would establish whether the sampling frame and technique is correct. Semi-structured interview would be used; this would allow questioning to be guided as is required also many points that needed to be made clearer would be done much more easily than in something like a mailed questionnaire (Frey and Oishi 1995:03). However, according to (Breakwell, Hammond and Fife-Schaw 1995:238) this technique heavily relies on the respondent being willing to give accurate and complete answers. Additionally, it gives the freedom to explore general views or opinions in more detail. On the other hand this method would be very time consuming and expensive. Finally a tape recorder would also be used so that the data could be referred to at a later date and thus make the analysis more reliable. Conclusion Nowadays, organisations operate in a dynamic environment and they must learn to adapt in order to survive. According to the literature review some researchers such as (Ouchi, 1981) believed that a strong culture is linked to high performance in an organisation. Whereas, Writers such (Kotter Heskitt 1992) concluded that the statement that, well-built culture produce outstanding performance emerge to be completely incorrect. Most interestingly, the culture-performance relationship is seen as a two-fold sword (Dean Mcfarlin). On completion of this project there would be light on whether there is an organisational culture-performance link in small hairdressing businesses. References Bryan, Alan Bell Emma (2003) Business Research Methods: Oxford University Press New York. Johnson, Gerry, Scholes, Kevan Whittington, Richard (2008) Exploring Corporate Strategy: Text and Cases 8th Edition: Pearson Education Limited Association of Business Executives study manual, Managing in Organisation, 2008: ABE RRC Adkins, Bryan, Sr., and Stewart, Cindy, 2004 Shift Organisational Culture to Improve Organisational Performance, viewed on 29th January, 2010 Mcfarlin, Dean 2002, Strong culture can be double-edged sword, Dayton Business Journal, viewed on the 3rd February, 2010 http://www.allbusiness.com/company-activities-management/management-corporate- Culture/5462715-1.html viewed on 29th January, 2010 http://www.denisonconsulting.com/Libraries/Resources/Adkins-2004-Shift-Culture.sflb.ashx, viewed on 29th January, 2010 http://www.aber.ac.uk/media/Students/aeo9702.html, viewed on 29th January, 2010 http://www.culturestrategyfit.com, viewed on 29th January, 2010 http://marketing.byu.edu/htmlpages/ccrs/proceedings99/webster.htm, viewed on 29th January, 2010 http://www.jstor.org/pss/258374, viewed on 29th January, 2010 The Academy of Management Review, Vol. 13, No. 4 (Oct., 1988), pp. 546-558 (article consists of 13 pages), viewed on 29th January, 2010 http://www.accessmylibrary.com/article-1G1-17520695/examining-organizational-culture-and.html, viewed on 29th January, 2010 http://steconomice.uoradea.ro/anale/volume/2008/v4-management-marketing/057.pdf, viewed on 2nd February, 2010 Lorelai Desjardinshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04887448412328754178noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6302481612160522060.post-64122351406901729692020-01-17T12:38:00.001-08:002020-01-17T12:38:03.493-08:00Comparing Criminal Justice Systems: Venezuela vs DenmarkBackground Denmark The small, European country of Denmark lies just on the border of the North and Baltic Seas upon the peninsula of Germany, also flanked by Norway and Sweden. It is less than twice the size of Massachusetts at 43,094 square kilometers. The weather is generally temperate, humid and overcast with windy winters and cool summers. Denmarkââ¬â¢s natural resources include petroleum, natural gas, fish, salt, limestone, chalk, stone, gravel and sand. Denmark has a population of 5,484,723 with 65. 9% between the ages of 15 and 64 years old. The population growth rate is 0. 95%; they have a birth rate of 10. 71 per 1000 people and a death rate of 10. 25. The migration rate is 2. 49 per 1000 people and the residents have a life expectancy of 78. 13 years. The nationality of the people of Denmark is Dane, or Danish. The Danish ethnic groups include Scandinavian, Inuit, Faroese, German, Turkish, Iranian, and Somali. As far as religious beliefs, 95% of Denmark are Evangelical L utheran, 3% other Christian including Protestant and Roman Catholic and 3% Muslim. The main languages spoken are Danish, Faroese, Greenlandic and German and the predominant second language is English. The Danes have a 99% literacy rate and the school life expectancy is 17 years. (CIA: World Fact book) Venezuela Venezuela is a much larger country of 912,050 square kilometers and population 26,414,816 in Northern South America bordering the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean. It lies flush with Columbia, Brazil and Guyana. It is slightly more than twice the size of California with a tropical climateââ¬âhot and humid. 63. 8% of the population is between the ages of 15 and 64 years old. The population growth rate is 1. 98% with a birth rate of 20. 92 per 1000 population and 5. 1 deaths per 1000 population. The net migration rate is -. 084 per 1000 population and their life expectancy from birth is 73. 45 years. Their nationality is Venezuelan and their ethnic groups are Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, Arab, German, African, and indigenous people; Spanish is the official language. 96% of Venezuela is nominally Roman Catholic, 2% Protestant and 2% other religions entirely. 93% of Venezuelans are literate and the average school expectancy rate is 12 years. Law Denmark Denmark is a constitutional monarchy, with the Queen fulfilling the role of head of state, and the government formed out of the parliament. Denmark has a unicameral (single chamber) parliament, with deputies elected through a system of proportional representation, though each member also represents a constituency. (Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Demark) The political system of Denmark is a multi-party structure, where several parties are represented in the Parliament. Danish governments are most often minority administrations, governing with the aid of one or more supporting parties. This means that Danish politics are characterized by inter-party compromising. Since 1909 no single party has had the majority of parliamentary seats. A popularly elected parliament, Folketinget, governs the country and the prime minister, the nation's chief political officer, usually comes from the ranks of the majority party. The Faroe Islands and Greenland come under nominal rule from Denmark. (Visit Denmark) The capital of Denmark is Copenhagen and the chief of state is Queen Margrethe II since January 14, 1972, and Heir Apparent Crown Prince Frederik, the eldest son of the monarch. The head of the government is Prime Minister Anders Fogh Rasmussen since 27 November 2001. The monarch is hereditary, however following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the monarch. Supreme Court judges are appointed by the monarch for life terms. Criminal offenses are defined either in the special part of the Criminal Code or in separate statutes. The general conditions for imposing criminal penalties are found in the general part of the Criminal Code which also apply to separate statutes. The sanctions described in the general part of the Criminal Code are the same whether the criminal offense consists of a violation of the Criminal Code or of separate statutes. The substantive Danish criminal law is monistic, meaning that violations of the law never have been divided into categories like felony/misdemeanor, crime/delicts or the like. It does not mean, however, that major offenses are treated in the same manner as petty offenses in all respects. (Ravn, Lene) The age of criminal responsibility is 15 years old. According to the Criminal Code the mere possession of narcotic drugs is criminalized. However, the law is not enforced regarding possession of very small amounts meant for the drug addict's own consumption. Possession and selling is penalized in a special law on drugs containing the possibility of imprisonment for a period of up to two years. Serious cases of trafficking of drugs are punished with imprisonment within a range of one month to ten years according to the Criminal Code. Venezuela Venezuelaââ¬â¢s political system is a Federal Republic. The current Venezuelan constitution was adopted in 1999. Important changes were made regarding the structure of the government as well as in human rights and community participation. Since the approval by referendum of this constitution, the government consists of five branches, the Executive, Legislative, Judicial, Citizen and Electoral. The Executive Branch: The President and his cabinet. The President is elected by universal, direct and secret ballot for a six-year term. The President may be re-elected for one additional consecutive term only. Legislative: One chamber National Assembly composed by 165 deputies elected for a five- year term. Deputies may be re-elected for up to one additional consecutive term. Judiciary: The new constitution renamed the Supreme Court as the Supreme Tribunal of Justice. Justices are nominated by the civil society. Final appointment requires the approval of at least two thirds of the legislative branch. The Citizens Branch: Created to safeguard public ethics, to ensure respect for the principle of legality in the Administration, and to assume the defense of human rights. The Ombudsman or Defender of the People, the Attorney General and the Comptroller General form this power The Electoral Branch: This authority is independent from other Government Branches and is appointed by nominations from the civil society. Administrative Division: 22 states, 1 federal district and the federal dependencies. State Governors are elected for a four-year term and may be re-elected for one additional consecutive term only. Most Venezuelans are Roman Catholic. The Constitution guarantees freedom of religion. All faiths have churches and people may worship freely. Venezuelaââ¬â¢s people result from the mingling of European, Amerindian, and African cultures. Traditionally a haven for people of all origins, Venezuela received large waves of immigrants from Europe following World War II and from other Latin American and Caribbean nations during the 1970s. (Embassy) The Venezuelan chief of state and head of government is President Hugo Chavez Frias since February 3, 1999. The Executive Vice President Ramon Alonzo Carrizalez Rengifo since 4 January 2008. The Venezuelan Penal Code distinguishes between crimes, punishable by imprisonment, and misdemeanors (faltas), punishable by arrests or fines. In the Penal Code, crimes are classified by major types, as follows: * Crimes against national sovereignty and national security ââ¬â treason; crimes against national and state government; crimes against international law * Crimes against liberty ââ¬â crimes against political, personal, religious freedom, etc. Corruption ââ¬â these are defined in a special anti-corruption law, enacted in 1982 * Crimes against the administration of justice ââ¬â simulating crimes, false testimony, collusion, concealment, etc. * Crimes against public order ââ¬â conspiracy to commit crime; incitement to crime; manufacture and carrying of weapons, etc. * For gery ââ¬â false currency; forged seals, fiscal stamps, documents, passports, licenses, etc. * Crimes against public and private interests ââ¬â arson, causing floods, etc. gainst public health and nutrition * Crimes against public morals and the family ââ¬â rape, seduction, prostitution, corrupting minors, adultery, bigamy, etc. * Crimes against persons ââ¬â homicide, battery, abortion, abandoning children, slander, etc. * Crimes against property ââ¬â theft, robbery, extortion, kidnapping, fraud, etc. (Birkbeck, Christopher) Until 1998, the age of criminal responsibility was 18. In that year, a new Children's Code (Venezuela, 1998c) established criminal responsibility for adolescents (ages 12 to 17). However, the adolescent criminal justice system is administratively separate from the adult criminal justice system. Adolescents who turn 18 during adjudication or sentencing continue under the adolescent justice system. (Birkbeck) Police Denmark The state police is a department of the Ministry of Justice. There is no longer a municipal police and the military police only has authority over soldiers according to the Military Criminal Code. Denmark is divided into 54 police districts (excluding the Faeroe Islands and Greenland), each headed by a local chief of police. The National Commissioner reports to the Minister of Justice. For administrative purposes the police are subdivided into plain-clothes criminal investigators, uniformed patrolmen, traffic police officers, immigration police, and other categories. (Ravn) The common police of Denmark consist of 12 districts each managed by a director and two minor districts in Greenland and the Faroe Islands, run by a chief of police. The mission statement of the Danish police is as follows: The police must work in order to ensure security, safety, peace and order in the society. The police must promote this purpose through preventive, helping and enforcing work. In addition to the regular districts, there are three other organizations that work outside the common police. Rigspolitiet is the state national police for Denmark. Politiets Efterretningstjeneste, also called PET, is the national security intelligence agency of Denmark. The agency focuses solely upon domestic security while foreign intelligence operations are handled by Forsvarets Efterretningstjeneste ââ¬â an intelligence branch under the Danish military. The stated overall purpose of PET is to prevent, investigate and counter operations and activities that pose or may pose a threat to the preservation of Denmark as a free, democratic and safe country. The three main duties of the PET are counter terrorism, counter extremism and counter espionage. Politiets Aktionsstyrke (AKS) is the Special Forces unit of the Danish police; a national SWAT team. It is meant to handle extraordinarily difficult or life-threatening criminal situations, such as terrorism, hostage situations, and kidnapping. It also deals with emergency rescue situations that would be too dangerous for others to handle. The AKS holds responsibility for all anti-terror and counter-terrorism missions in Denmark. (Wikipedia) New recruits are required to be in good physical condition; good personal and economic condition, and should have achieved good grades in school. New recruits are usually required to be between 21 and 29 years of age, of Danish citizenship or have applied for Danish nationality/citizenship, and without any convictions. The basic training of police personnel takes 3 years. The training comprises both school education and training of a more practical nature. School education, which consists of 2 courses of 8 months each, takes place at the Police Academy in Copenhagen. The rest of the training time is spent on the job. The Police Academy also presents special courses and leadership courses. All chiefs of police hold a master's degree in law from a university. (Ravn) Venezuela The national Venezuelan police are the Cuerpo Tecnico de Policia Judicial, or PTJ. They were founded almost immediately after the overthrow of Dictator Marcos Perez Jiminez in 1958. The PTJ is the primary judicial police force in the country, charged with the reception of crime reports made by citizens, the investigation of crimes, gathering of evidence and arrest of suspects. In all these tasks, the PTJ is subordinated to the public prosecutor's office. Administratively, the PTJ is attached to the Ministry of the Interior and Justice. The national headquarters are in Caracas, and there is one office in each state capital, with additional offices in some other cities. The PTJ's name was recently changed to the National Directorate of Criminal Investigation. The traffic police (Cuerpo Tecnico de Vigilancia del Transito y Transporte Terrestre), administratively attached to the Ministry of Infrastructure, are responsible for surveillance, preliminary investigation and occasionally arresting suspects, in traffic offenses that involve violations of the criminal law. The state police are responsible for patrol work and public order, arrests (when offenders are caught in the act), and community service. They may also serve as auxiliary judicial police. Each force is regulated by a local Police Code. To further complicate the institutional environment, state police forces are also coordinated by an office in the Ministry of the Interior and Justice that compiles selected statistics and sets guidelines for internal procedures. Beginning in 1990, wealthier municipalities in the country's largest cities set up municipal police forces. By July 2001, there were 77 municipal forces in the country. They are attached to the mayors' offices and regulated by the state's Police Code and by municipal ordinance. With so many different uniformed police forces, there are obviously difficulties in coordination and efficiency. For that reason, since at least 1977 there have been diverse proposals to create a unified national police force. The most recent is the National Police Law, which is currently being debated in the National Assembly. This law would join all uniformed police forces (state, Capital District, municipal), together with the traffic police, into one national force. (Birkbeck) Courts Denmark The independent courts constitute a part of the division of power in Denmark. Generally speaking, cases are dealt with in the first instance by a local or city court; appeals against the judgments of city courts are made to one of the country's two High Courts. A few big cases and cases touching on administrative matters are dealt with by one of the high courts in the first instance. The highest court in Denmark is the Supreme Court, and the Queen appoints judges. (Ministry) The Danish Supreme Court is the highest civil and criminal court responsible for the administration of justice in Denmark. The Kingdom of Denmark, consisting of Denmark, Greenland and the Faroe Islands, does not have a single unified judicial system ââ¬â Denmark has one system, Greenland another and the Faroe Island a third. However, ecisions by the highest courts in Greenland and the Faroe Islands may be appealed to the Danish High Courts. Venezuela Venezuela has three types of main courts: Trial courts: The 395 trial courts are divided into first instance trial courts and instructional criminal courts. In addition, 667 departmental and municipal courts are assigned the lowest level cases. Superior Courts: There are 173 Superior courts that primarily act as interme diate appellate courts. The dispersion of these courts throughout the country is based on population and political needs. Supreme Court: The Supreme Court is the court of last resort. It is composed of 15 justices who each serve a nine-year term. This Court is divided into three chambers: civil, criminal, and civil rights. (Salas, Luis) They also have several types of special courts: Military Courts: Military courts exercise a considerable amount of authority since their jurisdiction extends to all crimes committed by members of the armed forces and on-duty police officers. Many persons have criticized this system, viewing it as a barrier to the successful prosecution of human rights abuses committed by the police and military. Military courts extend their jurisdiction to civilians accused of crimes under the military code, for example treason or subversion. Anti-corruption Court: The anti-corruption court (Tribunal de Salvaguardia Del Patrimonio Publico) was established with specific and sometimes extraordinary powers, to investigate and punish corruption. While corruption cases may be tried in the first instance by the traditional court system, these special courts have second instance jurisdiction. They also serve as trial courts for cases involving corruption by high-level officials. Even though their jurisdictional powers are extensive, they have been afforded meager resources to carry out their responsibilities. Family/Juvenile Courts: Another set of courts handle family matters and juvenile cases. Juveniles are processed through special courts and then remanded to juvenile correctional facilities. (Salas) Corrections Denmark In Denmark, the correctional service controls 15 prisons, one institution for inmates needing psychiatric treatment, and 40 local jails. Five of the prisons and the psychiatric institution are closed in that they are secured by an external ring wall as well as by internal precautions like secured buildings, and electronic security systems combined with relatively dense staffing. The staff does not carry arms. Being used as remand detention institutions, the local jails are also closed. The remaining nine prisons are open institutions which actually means that the inmates are physically able to leave the institution. Two of the closed prisons have both male and female inmates. In one of these prisons there is cohabitation between men and women within units. There are also two open prison departments for women. While serving his sentence the inmate is obliged to work for which he is paid a small hourly salary. The prison administration tries to ensure that the working places equate those found in modern society. In order to encourage inmates to educate themselves the same amount is paid to inmates who choose to go to the prison school instead of going to work. The prison provides health care and necessary dental care. Sick inmates will be hospitalized in ordinary hospitals. The policies of the correctional service are governed by the following three principles: A. Normalization. As a starting point the inmate is placed in the open prison closest to his home in order to preserve family contacts and to pave the way for a gradual release from the prison. There must be specific reasons for instituting control of inmates' correspondence. Visits by next-of-kin take place in secluded visiting rooms with a couch. In the open prisons weekend leaves are granted every third week to prisoners with a low risk of recidivism. A prisoner in a closed institution may obtain similar rights to weekend leave when he has served one fourth of his sentence. At some time during incarceration about one third of the prisoners in closed prisons are granted occasional leaves. The total number of leaves per year is about 57,000. More than half of these are so-called work leaves where an inmate leaves the prison to go to work or to take part in educational activities in society. B. Self-administration. The inmate is responsible for his own daily life. Important elements of this approach are that food must be bought and cooked by the inmate to which end he is paid a fixed amount of money per day. The inmate is also responsible for his personal hygiene, clothes' laundry and repair. The prison encourages the inmates to make meaningful use of leisure hours by providing opportunity for sports and other structuralized activities. C. Release on parole and after-care. According to a provision of the Criminal Code more than 90% of the inmates are released on parole after having served two thirds of their sentences. Almost 10% of these will be released after serving between one half and two thirds of the time, due to special grounds. Royal pardon is possible according to the Constitution, but rare. Outside of imprisonment for life which necessitates the use of pardoning, royal pardon is more commonly used in connection with short-term sentences where the convicted cannot endure the prison stay because of severe illness or the like. In such cases the pardon is normally conditioned on the payment of a fine. (Dr. Winslow, Robert) Venezuela Typical penalties in Venezuela include fines, restitution, probation, and incarceration. Some crimes carry mandatory prison sentences which prohibit early release. The death penalty in Venezuela was abolished in the mid 1860s. The prison population in Venezuela is 40% over its stated capacity. Overcrowding is regarded as a primary factor in the high level of violence within prisons, which resulted in an average of 3 prisoner deaths per week in 1992. Venezuela, like many of its Latin American countries, has incorporated the United Nation's ââ¬Å"Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisonersâ⬠in its national legislation. However, a recent human rights director of the Venezuelan Attorney General's Office has criticized the conditions of the nation's prisons. As a consequence of government neglect, the prisoners live in overcrowded and unhealthy quarters, without access to education, and lacking incentives to seek jobs once they are released. (Salas) References Birkbeck, Christopher Venezuela World Fact Book of Criminal Justice Systems http://www. ojp. usdoj. gov/bjs/pub/ascii/wfcjsvz. txt CIA: World Fact Book https://www. cia. gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/da. html Embassy of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela In the United States of America http://www. embavenezus. org/? pagina=kids. venezuela/political. system. tm=Venezuela%20for%20Kids Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark http://www. ambmoskva. um. dk/en/menu/InfoDenmark/danish+political+and+social+affairs/ Ravn, Lene Denmark World Fact Book of Criminal Justice Systems http://www. ojp. usdoj. gov/bjs/pub/ascii/wfbcjden. txt Salas, Luis Florida International University Venezuela World Fact Book of Criminal Justice http://www. ojp. usdoj. gov/bjs/pub/ascii/wfbcjve n. txt Visit Denmark http://www. visitdenmark. com/uk/en-gb/menu/turist/turistinformation/fakta-az/ Wikipedia www. en. wikipedia. org Dr. Winslow, Robert San Diego State University Crime and Society Lorelai Desjardinshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04887448412328754178noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6302481612160522060.post-78408663714040810682020-01-09T09:01:00.001-08:002020-01-09T09:01:04.452-08:00Strong women are prevalent in our culture. For example,... Strong women are prevalent in our culture. For example, Helen Keller, was blind and deaf, but still made an impact on our society. Other examples of strong women include Harriet Tubman and Amelia Earhart. The book, The Odyssey, is no different; there are many strong women in this book, Circe and the Sirens are examples of this. These women are all strong because they possess various traits, such as Harrit Tubmans detrmantion and the Sirens beautiful voices, along with the knowledge to put them into effect. The Sirens and Circe hold certain character traits, some of which they share, and others they differ on. Circe is one of the strong women in this book. Circe is an immortal who can do simple magic. When Ulysses and his menâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Because of the sweet talk, Circe promised Ulysses immorality, as long as he was living on the island with her and agreed to return the men back to humans. Circe carried out her promis, his men were turned back into humans. Ulysses a nd all of his men then returned to the ship and sailed away before Circe changed her mind, also Ulysses wanted to return to Ithaca, his home country. Circe is not the only strong women in The Odyssey; the Sirens are a set of sisters that are also strong in this book. The Sirens are two sisters with beautiful voices that draw men to them. Once a man hears their voices, he is unable escape, if he hears their voice he will be drawn to them, doing whatever it takes to get to the island they are living on. Once a man reaches the island of the sisters, they take the bones of the men and use then to make drums, which are a part of their music. These two sisters have the faces of young girls, but the bodies of birds. Because the Sirens are so powerful, if any man hears their voices all the men will be dragged to their island. To prevent this Ulysses plugs his menââ¬â¢s ears with beeswax. Ulysses, however keeps his own ears unplugged to be able to hear the sound going on around him, Ulyss es has his men tie him to the mast so he is unable to escape. Because of the beautiful voices he is bloody from trying to get to the women; his men cannot fathom as toShow MoreRelatedEssay on Ulysses by James Joyce1157 Words à |à 5 PagesUlysses by James Joyce Many novelists directly reflect their life stories and personal circumstances in their works, so closely that the works may seem autobiographical. Although there are autobiographical parallels between James Joyces life and that of his characters in Ulysses, the novels scattered autobiographical details are more in the line of delightful puzzles to be ferreted out, rather than direct insights into Joyces life. What is really important in Ulysses is not the ties toRead More Ulysses by Alfred Tennyson Essay1228 Words à |à 5 PagesUlysses by Alfred Tennyson Ulysses is both a lament and an inspiring poem. Even modern readers who are not so familiar with the classics, can visualize the heroic legend of Ulysses, and so is not prepared for what he finds in the poemââ¬â not Ulysses the hero but Ulysses the man. Tennyson brings out the agony felt by Ulysses at his old age, The influence of the Industrial age can be seen in Tennysons usage of the word profits in the very first line . The character calls himself idleRead MoreThe Consequences Of Betrayal In The Adventures Of Ulysses923 Words à |à 4 Pagesnovels and in the real world. The novel ââ¬Å"The Adventures of Ulyssesâ⬠by Bernard Evslin describes a scene in which two men betray Ulysses by opening a bag of winds. In the real world, a man named Edward Snowden betrays his country by revealing classified information he was entrusted with. The two situations of betrayal are justified and not justified throughout the texts they are mentioned in. In the novel, ââ¬Å"The Adventures of Ulysses,â⬠Ulysses was guarding a bag of winds given to him by Aeolus. He stoodRead MoreJames Joyce s The Odyssey And Ulysses1622 Words à |à 7 PagesUlysses is arguably one of James Joyceââ¬â¢s most famous literary works. At least, the obscene sexual nature of Ulysses is notorious in itself. Indeed, it is widely considered that the novel was a scandal when it first appeared serialized in 1918. However, some consider that the epic ââ¬Å"is still a scandal, nearly a century after its first publication. For something is missingâ⬠. Critics claim the missing element is romanticism and in this essay, the absence of mythical authority. The use of myth romanticizesRead MoreWilliam Tennyson s Ulysses And The Tradition Of The Odyssey1472 Words à |à 6 PagesAfter centuries of serving background noise to her husband Ulyssesââ¬â¢ odes of sea storms, sirens, and celebrity, the mythological Penelope finally steps into the light in Miri am Waddingtonââ¬â¢s poetic work ââ¬Å"Ulysses Embroidered.â⬠Functioning as a revisionary text to both the Alfred, Lord Tennyson work ââ¬Å"Ulyssesâ⬠and the tradition of The Odyssey itself, ââ¬Å"Ulysses Embroideredâ⬠quickly strikes its readers as a fiercely feminist re-envisioning of Penelope and the story she offers up. Waddingtonââ¬â¢s work allowsRead MoreSummary Of Ulysses By James Joyce2022 Words à |à 9 PagesDylan Madden Professor Jeffrey Skoblow English 497A 22 September 2017 First Journal Week 1-5 Ulysses by James Joyce Telemachus Going into this book for the first time, I found it difficult to understand what was transpiring until going back and rereading a number of times. In the first chapter, there were many themes that I discovered surrounding the character Stephen Dedalus. For example, the first theme, religion, had a deep effect on Stephen especially after his mother died and during his conversationRead MoreEssay on The Chapter of Circe in James Joyces Ulysses1422 Words à |à 6 Pages The Chapter of Circe in James Joyces Ulysses à à à à à à à à à à à Chapter Circe of Ulysses is said to be the most confessional chapter of à à à à à the novel (Schechner 100). In this way, the themes and underlying meaning à à à à à present throughout the chapter are more pertinent to the novel as a whole à à à à à than any other aspect of this particular section. Specifically, themes of à à à à à love, power, masochism, and consciousness watermark the literature à à à à à throughoutRead More Tennysons Ulysses and The Lotos Eaters Essay1928 Words à |à 8 PagesTennysons Ulysses and The Lotos Eaters The great hero Odysseus has captivated readers throughout the ages. It is no surprise that the Victorian poet Tennyson not only read the Odyssey but wrote poetry about Odysseus as well. In the poems The Lotos Eaters and Ulysses, Tennyson remains true to the legends, but he infuses the characters with the ethos of his own day and his own experiences. The Lotos Eaters recalls the Homeric legend that has Odysseus and his men passing throughRead More Use of Language in James Joyces Ulysses Essay2466 Words à |à 10 PagesUse of Language in James Joyces Ulysses In his essay ââ¬Å"The Decomposing Form of Joyceââ¬â¢s Ulysses,â⬠Henry Staten has argued ââ¬Å"that Ulysses achieves some of its most characteristic effects by pressing the internal logic of mimesis to the limit, above all through onomatopoeia, which manifests in a peculiarly condensed way the self-contradictory character of the realist projectâ⬠(Staten 174-5). Mimetic narrative and method are undone by an onomatopoeiac mode, which is conceived by Stephen ââ¬Å"as the pureRead MoreEssay on Theme of Epiphany in James Joyces Ulysses1302 Words à |à 6 PagesThe Theme of Epiphany in Ulyssesà à à à à à à à à à à James Joyces Ulysses is a novel of epic proportions that has been proclaimed the greatest piece of literature of the twentieth century. Ulysses takes place in Dublin, Ireland on June 16, 1904. The book is full of parallels, metaphors, and experimental literary techniques. However, a dominant theme is that of epiphany. Not necessarily religious in meaning, the Joycean idea of epiphany is a sudden discovery of the essential nature or meaning of something Lorelai Desjardinshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04887448412328754178noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6302481612160522060.post-59283059070953894912020-01-01T05:27:00.001-08:002020-01-01T05:27:03.502-08:00Montage in Films and Music Videos Essay - 2457 Words In the 1920s, artist like Sergei Eisenstein, Dziga Vertov and Vsevolod Pudovkin started experimenting with the new technique in their abstractfilms which is known as montage. Montage which is a synonym for Editing is a technique where two or more shots are juxtaposed which create a new meaning thatis not existent looking at the shots individually (Manovich, 2001). Few of the early examples of films using this technique are The Battleship Potemkin(1925) by Eisenstein and Man with a Movie Camera(1929) by Vertov.Montages are widely used in many other TV production areas like Advertisement, Dramas, News Programs and Music Videos. The Music Videos make excessive use of montages for the imagery in theirsongs; one of the examples is The Buggles-â⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Duke (James Garner) narrates the story to Allie (Gena Rowlands) and with help of smooth editing the scene blends smoothly into the sequence of shots related to the narration. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EbfAvKjqo4Efe ature=related The music video,Michael Jackson- Black or White (1991) is a non-narrative montage of sequences in which Jackson dances with people from different parts of the world (African, South East Asian, Native American, Indian, and Russian). There are scenes where Jackson is matted on sequence of Statue of Liberty and the footage of burning cross. These visuals when related with the lyrics or music bring the feeling of emotional state among audienceabout multicultural and multi-racial globalism. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mqZnxvAPkL8 Another difference between editing in films and music videos is that classical Hollywood films are more realistic, which means that the technique used in the production is kept invisible to show the continuity of shots in order to drive the narrative. While music videos are influenced by the Avant-grade film making where montage breaks the continuity rules, 180à ° rule, eye line match, match action and establishing shot. These disjointed shots leave the action incomplete jumping from one shot to another. The video turns into a puzzle because of the frequent gaps into the flow of narration (May, 2005). The audience can create several assumptionsShow MoreRelatedFilm Analysis : Southpaw, An Action / Drama Film Released `` 2015 Directed By Antoine Fuqua1742 Words à |à 7 Pagesenormous role in media and it has a major effect on the way films and all other forms of media are originated. The style in which images, sound, and text are developed is much distinct from how it was processed many years ago. Digital Cinematography is a technique used to record and capture motion pictures as digital video images. Unlike the traditional analog film frames, digital capture provides other ways to capture motion pictures such as video tape, CD, or flash drive. With the help of digital cinematographyRead MoreAmerican Film Title Designer: Kyle Cooper 814 Words à |à 3 PagesKyle Cooper is an American film title designer how is responsi ble for creating some of the most invitational and evocative title sequences. Designing title sequences for film and television with a unique style and ability to invoke an emotional response through his imagery and use of narrative. He is often compared to Saul Bass and his Typography approach to titles sequences, In the titleââ¬â¢s for Saul Bass Psycho, he get across the nature of his main character with slicing up uneven Type and shapesRead MoreAnalysis Of Lurhman s Strictly Ballroom And Mitchell s It Follows Essay1740 Words à |à 7 PagesIn Lurhmanââ¬â¢s Strictly Ballroom and Mitchellââ¬â¢s It Follows, both directors use colour and music to enhance the experience of the romantic comedy and horror genre films. Where Mitchell uses audio and visual cues to break the conventional style of horror films in It Follows, Luhrmanââ¬â¢s Strictly Ballroom uses audio and visual cues enhance the romantic comedy experience further. Where It Follows, relies on visuals to tell itâ â¬â¢s story, Strictly Ballroom uses bright colors and musical cues to reassure theRead MoreA Brief History of the Film Industry1268 Words à |à 5 PagesFilm industry is a group of factors that lead to moviemaking. The first idea of film was a picture, moreover pictures that moving in a certain way to look like a movie. The French Lumiere Brothers are the first hand of making the new modern film industry. In the beginning the films were with no technology, its lack of sound and colors, and itââ¬â¢s only for seconds. Then in the beginning of 1900c the narratives came to the movies and it developed to be recorded onto plastic film and shown by a movieRead MoreThe Passi / The One Hundred Steps1713 Words à |à 7 Pagesway to look at I Cento Passi is by starting at its conclusion and working back. I Cento Passi is first and foremost, a film, and it does not attempt to hide this. From the dialogues to the music-- it does not pretend to be a documentary. Yet, while the events that take place in the film parallel true historical events, they remain distanced by the directorââ¬â¢s interpretation of the film: up until the very end. As Felicia Impastato (Liucia Montaldo) walks solemnly behind her sonââ¬â¢s coffin, the color beginsRead MoreA Report Of Not Less Than 1500 Words1947 Words à |à 8 Pagesand New Wave/American New Wave 3. Manipulation of time: montage; dissolve; fade to black; wipe 4. Providing information/withholding information Task 1 The development of editing from its humble beginnings, to the much more sophisticated The earliest films in the 1900s were all done on camera, this involved no editing whatsoever and the film would be filmed in the same order exactly the way it would have been seen in theatres one roll of film. The Lumiere Brothers In 1985 the Lumiere BrothersRead MoreThe Crucible by Director Nicholas Hytner1182 Words à |à 5 Pagesas effectively as the book had done before. Given the temporal limitations of a film, several scenes were rewritten in order to facilitate an easier delineation of the plot line. The director also used different camera techniques to control the pace of the movie, making it easier to tell which parts were important. Overall, Hytnerââ¬â¢s scene modifications and unique camera shots resulted in an emotionally compelling film. The director rearranged the tense discussions that occurred immediatelyRead MoreEnemy of the State1303 Words à |à 6 Pagesof good versus evil, complete with a tortured hero and a powerful villain. The plot revolves around Washington lawyer Robert Dean (Will Smith), an average family man, who suddenly finds his life turned upside down when an old acquaintance slips a video tape that no one is supposed to ever see into his shopping bag. The tape contains footage of the murder of a United States senator by a member of the National Security Agency (NSA). When agents at the NSA get word that Dean is in possession of theRead More Choreographer Busby Berkeleyââ¬â¢s Contributions to Film Essay examples755 Words à |à 4 PagesBerkeleyââ¬â¢s Contributions to Film Berkeleyââ¬â¢s creations were not meant to focus on dance. He envisioned an overall moving pattern, which he created by using moving bodies. He made the art of choreography a technique of design and visual mathematics, and combined this with his knowledge of film to bring his vision to life on the big screen. The skill of this multi-talented man brought Hollywood musicals to their full potential, creating a high demand for dance in films. William Berkeley Enos wasRead MoreConsumerism Essay1620 Words à |à 7 PagesHouse, the poem ââ¬Å"Breakthroughâ⬠by Bruce Dawe, and the video trailer for the documentary ââ¬Å"What would Jesus Buy?â⬠directed by Rob VanAlkemade. The idea that consumerism is governing every aspect of our lives is clearly demonstrated in the poem Enter without so much as knocking by Bruce Dawe. The very first line ââ¬Å"blink, blink. HOSPITAL. SILENCE.â⬠represents a baby being born into the world. The words ââ¬Å"HOSPITAL. SILENCE.â⬠are similar to those used in film scripts, indicating setting, lighting and sounds Lorelai Desjardinshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04887448412328754178noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6302481612160522060.post-12041916301485334992019-12-24T01:13:00.001-08:002019-12-24T01:13:03.201-08:00Social Cognitive Theory Is The View That People Learn By... Social cognitive theory is the view that people learn by watching others. In psychology, it explains personality in terms of how a person thinks about and responds to one s social environment. For example, in the 1960s Albert Bandura (a pioneer in social cognitive theory) argued that when people see someone else awarded for behavior, they tend to behave the same way to attain an award. People are also more likely to imitate those with whom they identify. Bandura famously illustrated social learning by showing children a video of a girl punching a doll; presented later with a doll, the children behaved in similarly aggressive ways. Not all learning is acted upon; for example, one might learn to hunt by observing others yet neverâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Bandura suggests in the preface: ââ¬Å"Much contemporary theorizing depicts people as on looking hosts of internal mechanisms or orchestrated by external events. They are stripped of any agency. People are proactive, aspiring org anisms who have a hand in shaping their own lives and the social systems that organize, guide and regulate the affairs of their society (Bandura, 1997). 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In this paper you will getRead MoreExploration Of Holistic Development Within A Child s Life1442 Words à |à 6 Pagesintellectual, language and communication (NCM, 2014). Holistic development views the child as a whole individual (Meggitt 2012); and considers the childââ¬â¢s health and life as a whole, in the light of them being connected (Rosecole, 2010). Cognitive Development Cognitive development is associated with many constituents for example; thinking and gaining understanding of the world around the individual (Decal 2014). Cognitive development contains; information processing, memory, complex thinking processors Lorelai Desjardinshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04887448412328754178noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6302481612160522060.post-49112579835232217132019-12-15T21:41:00.001-08:002019-12-15T21:41:04.750-08:00Not sure if this is good or not Free Essays The novel ââ¬ËRunnerââ¬â¢ shows us how much Charlie cares about the people in his life. Discuss In the novel ââ¬ËRunnerââ¬â¢ written by Robert Newton, we see that Charlie has a very caring nature, and will do almost anything for the people who are important to him. Charlie generally is always willing to do anything for those he cares for, as an example, even though he does go against his Maââ¬â¢s will and starts to works for Squishy, he does it so he can achieve a better life for his family, to give Ma and Jack a nicer way of living. We will write a custom essay sample on Not sure if this is good or not or any similar topic only for you Order Now Charlie really cares about the Redmond and after he makes a lot of money when e wins the Ballard mile running race he shares it with them. He offers as much of his winnings as Mr. Redmond wants to take, so that he is financially better off. Charlie really means it because when he was talking to Mr. Redmond after he had won the race, ââ¬ËIt anti Just the runningââ¬â¢, Mr. Redmond. Yea done so much fear us, I donââ¬â¢t know where weââ¬â¢d be without yea. The reason he said that is because The Redmond had given so much to the Foeman family, and were always willing to help them out, Charlie offers the money, because he feels like it is an appropriate gesture to show his appreciation. This proves Charlie cares about the Redmond, as much as they care about him. Charlie and Nostrilsââ¬â¢ are on a liquor run when the cross Barlow and his mates, Barlow soon begins to beat Nostrilsââ¬â¢, and Charlie runs away to safety. Charlie wants to help his friend out, but he felt paralyses, like he couldnââ¬â¢t physically move because he was so afraid, and ashamed of leaving him there by himself. He said ââ¬ËFar worse than fear, it was shame that paralyses me. ââ¬Ë Because Charlie cares for Nostrils so much, he is upset and regretting his decision of leaving Nostrils to fight for himself. The regret e has shows that he does truly care about Nostrils because it is shown how bad he feels for the mistake he made. When Charlie goes to the bakery that Alice works at and her father owns, to collect the taxes, he sees that there are Just people in the same situation he and his family in. When they canââ¬â¢t afford to pay, Charlie decides he will because he knows what it is like to struggle. ââ¬ËThe two words kept repeating themselves. ââ¬ËSomething goodââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬ ¦ ââ¬ËSomething goodâ⬠Charlie pays the three pounds the Cornballââ¬â¢s owe from his own pocket because he knew what it was like to be desperate, and it was the best thing he loud do for people in a needy situation. It shows that Charlie is caring, because he was doing something so kind for people he barely knew, but he understood their situation, and could tell it was the right thing to do. Charlie is a truly caring person, who was consistently kind and loyal to those who were important to him. It is shown that he did almost anything to be caring towards others, but when he was in a situation where he has afraid, he froze. Charlie went to great lengths to fix what he had done wrong, and did not stop until he felt like he had fully achieved that. How to cite Not sure if this is good or not, Papers Lorelai Desjardinshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04887448412328754178noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6302481612160522060.post-5234562198767032892019-12-07T18:25:00.001-08:002019-12-07T18:25:04.116-08:00Nelson Mandela and Dialogic Lifelong Learning â⬠Free Samples Question: Discuss about the Nelson Mandela and Dialogic Lifelong Learning. Answer: Introduction Leadership is a procedure of social influence where an individual is capable to provide assistance and support to other people for the successful achievement of a collective or communal mission (Dinh et al. 2014 pp.36). It is a skill, an ability and an influential procedure that is measured by effectiveness and victory (Lituchy, Metwally and Henderson 2017, pp.19).The effectiveness of leadership is mainly dependent upon the behavior of the leader. These include encouraging the followers towards the exuberant effort, obtaining the faith and fidelity of the followers and applying mastery and resources for the achievement of a mission (Von Krogh, Nonaka and Rechsteiner 2012 pp.240). One of the examples of effective leadership skill can be found in the life story of a former South African leader, Nelson Mandela. Nelson Mandelas memory lives on through Justin Chadwicks movie labeled Mandela: Long Walk to Freedom which was adopted by William Nicholson from the 1995 autobiography of Nelson Mandela, the first elected black president in South Africa (Sternlight et al. 2015, p.281). The film highlights the journey of a radical man from fighting and protesting against racial inequality to becoming a president (Brooks 2018, pg-25).The film came out shortly after the death of Mandela and the renowned figure was again brought back to the world by the famous actor from Britain, Idris Elba. This report aims at critically analyzing the effectiveness of the leadership skills that are portrayed in the movie Mandela: Long Walk to Freedom. Its objective is to examine the film which was based on the autobiography of Mandela and identify the leadership theories and approaches represented by Elba, in the shoes of Mandela (Brooks 2018, pg-45).The purpose of this review is to identify the different aspects of leadership qualities in Mandelas character which has been shown in the film. This report highlights the key principles and behaviors of Mandela that made him the true renowned strategic leader. The concept of leadership widely includes encouraging and influencing individuals to target and work towards a common achievement. Leadership constitutes a leaders tasks, responsibilities, abilities, duties and personal skills. Effective leadership qualities include ceaseless working and effective communication skills so that people around get influenced and motivated. There are various research works on the topic of leadership and numerous studies have been conducted to understand the theoretical concepts of the effectiveness of a leader and the relevant ideas behind it. The effectiveness of the leadership is dependable on four major factors highlighted above. The characteristics and traits of the leaders include both the internal and external qualities of the individual which helps them in efficient functioning in a tough situation. These are mainly courage of an individual, the self-confidence and self-esteem level in the individual and the abilities to handle tough situations (Senge, Hamilton and Kania 2015, pp.27).The behavior and style of the leader can be judged from the activities and participation of the individual and his characteristic approach. The characteristic of the members of the group is important since their level of support and motivation encourages the leader for achieving any target. Besides, the culture of the organization, the diversity of workforce and economy are some of the important factors in the internal and external environment which influences the leadership effectiveness (Nanjundeswaraswamy and Swamy 2014, pp.57). According to this formula, the process of leadership is a function of the leader(l), the members of the group(gm) and other situational variables(s).The model further explains that understanding the effective leadership can be done by evaluation of its key components. These key variables or components are: Characteristics and traits of the leader Behavior and style of the leader (Moghalu 2017,pp.171) Nature and characteristics of the group member The environment-both internal and external These variables are interconnected and interrelated. Relevant examples The movie, Mandela: Long walk to freedom portrays some of the deepest moments featuring some poignant events. Order in the court scene: The movie portrays two of the courtroom scenes. In scene one, Mandela, a young lawyer was defending a black South African maid whose employer has accused her of robbery and theft. The white lady standing in the court in the movie refused to answer Mandelas questions after several attempts by Mandela and the white judge suddenly informs her that she can relay her questions to him. This particular scene shows the racial belatedness and the level how the black South Africans were looked down upon by the whites. The second scene, when Mandela himself is on trial (Brooks 2018, pg-67).This scene portrays the leadership traits of Nelson Mandela when he offered up his life against his lawyer's wishes in the famous three-hour-long speech. Contingency theories of leadership effectiveness model can be identified from this scene. Hersey-Blanchard Situational Model can be explained by the scene. In the opinion of these authors a situational leader is the one who takes de cisions depending on the situation and does not act on the basis of a fixed style of leadership (McCleskey 2014 p.117). Mandela has fought for the country as a leader for seeking equality for all and he offered his life in front of the court for this ideal (Jordan,Werner and Venter 2015,pp.10). Long Pants Victory Scene: Mandela and fellow members were taken into custody at South Africas notorious Robben Island. The light-skinned people were offered long pants while the blacks were tossed a pair of shorts. Mandela and her fellow were furious. The scenes in the movie here show how Mandela guided all the black people, eventually became their leader, protest for equal rights and long pants from the prison (The New Times 2015). Path-Goal Model can be explained by this scene. Mandela guided all his fellow dark mates to reach the goal of acquiring long pants similar to the light-skinned prisoners. Free at last scene: The movie shows how Mandela was not allowed to attend the funerals of his mother and son and was left in a tiny prison cell (Engel 2017, pp.115). Initially he was put on house arrest but after a period of six months he was moved to the prison where he was not allowed even the liberty to go out his prison cell. The scenes were exhilarating where he finally acquired freedom. The scene when he was elected his countrys president at 1994 showed how shocking Mandela was when he saw a hallway of South African white military leaders offering him a salute while he was walking down the hallway (Brooks 2018, pg-89).Transformational leadership can be identified from this scene. It is significant to note that the transformational style of leadership is the one where the leader leads by example and tries to motivate his followers through his own activities (Avolio and Yammarino 2013 pp. xxvii). Key aspects of leadership effectiveness model Effective leadership is essential for any leader to be successful. Critical analysis of the required skills can always help in improving their leadership skills to achieve an array of targets and goals (Cullar 2017,pp.17).There are a few skills and traits for developing the leadership skills. These skills are the part of the leadership effectiveness model which consists of the following leadership theories. Trait Theory: This theory emphasizes mainly on the characteristics and qualities of the leaders. According to this theory, the level of confidence, knowledge and the qualities of an individual leads them to the path of success and effective leadership (Yukl 2012 pp.66). This theory fails to explain the situation of failures in leadership despite having the required qualities. Behavioral Theories: According to behavioral theories, the behavior of an individual is an important factor that leads to the success of their leadership skills (Alvesson and Spicer 2012 pp.367). These theories overlooked the factors of situation and environment where the behaviors are denoted. Contingency Theories: According to these theories, the effectiveness of leadership is connected or majorly dependable on the leader's characteristics, nature and other situational factors (Landis, Hill and Harvey 2014, pp.97). Fred Fielder Contingency Model explains that performance of a team is dependable upon the characteristics and the nature of the leadership and the situation (Latham 2014, pp.11). According to this model, the best or the effective way to address and handle a situation which is changing is to change the leader since individuals characteristic or the style of the leadership remains fixed and certain styles are effective in certain situations. Hersey-Blanchard Situational Model explains that the style of the leadership should be similar to the level of maturity of the individual. An individual attempting to be a leader may adopt some styles according to his maturity level (Kark and Shamir 2013 pp-77). Some of the styles are: Telling, Selling, Participating and Delegating. Path-Goal Model: According to this model by Robert House, there lie certain factors which affect the performance and the level of motivation of a group of individual. These factors are o Recognition of talents and providing rewards for good performance. o Guiding towards the targets and goals o Helping out with the performance obstacles (Lituchy, Metwally and Henderson 2017, pp.19). Charismatic Leadership Theory: According to this theory, a leader should command authority by his charismatic personality traits. The three elements of the charismatic leadership are empowerment, envisioning and empathy. This theory highlights the fact that leaders with strong commitments and extraordinary qualities towards their goals attract people. Transitional Leadership Theory: This theory is based on the rewards and punishment that are judged according to the performance level of the followers. Transformational leadership: One of the most important theories of leadership in accordance with the effective leadership skills as portrayed in the chosen movie of Nelson Mandela, transformational leadership include inspiration and abilities to motivate the followers. Leaders are expected to ignite the fire of protest or reform or any other targeted works among the followers with their visions and personalities. Some of the major components of this theory are: inspiration, motivation, consideration, idealization and intellectual stimulation (Jallow 2015, pp.11) Critical analysis and evaluation of leadership effectiveness in the selected film Mandela: A long walk to freedom, highlights the journey of the leader Nelson Mandela. The film portrays the struggle, the protest against the inequality in South Africa caused due to racism. The film showed different chapters of his life right from the boyhood till old age, it portrays his struggle, life at the jail and the moment he was elected as the president. His works, speeches, and his traits influenced thousands of Africans to join the movement (Brooks 2018, pg-45).After his death, Nelson Mandela was revered as a universal figure of peace and reconciliation. The concept of leadership effectiveness can be identified throughout the movie by the leadership lessons from the legacy of Nelson Mandela. Some of the leadership lessons of Nelson Mandela are: Courage does not mean that the fear is absent; courage inspires others to challenge the limit and move beyond it: In the film, it has been shown that Mandela was afraid during the Rivonia trail at Robben Island which eventually led him to jail. But deep in his mind, he knew that he cannot let the people of South Africa know about his fear as he was a leader. It is his responsibility to provide encouragements to the others (Nur 2015,pp.52). The movie shows how Mandela pretend of appearing brave and fearless and how he gained strength to overcome his fear(Chasi and Levy 2016, pg-67). While leading from the front but one should not forget his base: In the movie it has been shown that Mandela initiated negotiations with the apartheid government while he was in prison. The film shows the reaction of many who thought that it was crazy for him to negotiate with his enemy. He then explained his act to each of his comrades and slowly gathers them along with him. The movie throughout highlights the principles Mandela used to follow. According to him, a refusal for negotiation was not about principles but about tactics (Ferraris 2015, pp.1413). He was shown as the most pragmatic one in the movie. One should often guide from the back and let the others believe that they are in the lead: In the film it has been shown that as a child, Mandela was influenced largely by the tribal king, Jongintaba who raised him. The movie shows how young Mandela noticed the meetings of Jongintaba where he spoke after all the men. Mandela gathered the idea of effective leadership tricks from the tribal king which helped him in his later lives. The film shows Mandelas concept of effective leadership. According to him, the wisest act is to persuade others to do certain things while making them believe that it was their idea altogether. One should be well informed and keep knowledge about his enemy: Mandela in the film is shown to follow the whites ever since 1960 (Beresford 2014, pp.297).The film shows how he started studying the languages, the sports of the white South Africans who constituted the apartheid. Often his comrades used to judge him due to his habits but Mandela was determined to understand the worldview of the Africans. The movie showed how Mandela determined to fight with them and planned to stand against them. He understood that the black South Africans were looked down upon and were subjected to discrimination in every ground by the British government and the white people and no one was there to raise a strong voice against them. It is important to have close friends and even more closer connection with your enemies: The film highlighted the invincible charming nature of Mandela. He believed to keep close relations with his enemies since he believed that it will help him to understand their moves (Sternlight et al. 2015, p.281).The movie shows how Mandela believed in embracing his rivals and believed it to be a way of controlling their minds. In the Robben Island, it has been shown how Mandela believed to neutralize his enemies with his charm. The appearance of a person is one of the key factors of understanding his personality: In the scene of 1994 where Mandela was shown to run for the presidency, back in his mind he knew that he was never a good speaker in the public (Rule 2017,pp. 31). As he recalls some of his previous experiences, where people often turned out during his speech after some minutes made him realize the importance of appearance (Dwivedi 2015,pp.66). He realized that a beatific, dazzling smile in the public represent leaders lack of bitterness and symbolizes the courage and happiness to triumph. In the platform of life, nothing is black or white: One of the most important lessons from the movie is the realization of the concept of life. Mandela in this movie shows that there is no either or in the platform of life. It is the nature of the human brain to look for simplified explanations in life. Mandela as a politician in the movie, viewed the world as extremely nuanced. One should understand that sometimes quitting means leading: The film portrays the greatest legacy of the leader Mandela on the knowledge of when to quit. The president shows that one of the toughest decisions a leader should take is leaving a failed task. Listening is an important task : The film shows the learning for the leaders that Mandela acquired from his young days(Lituchy, Metwally and Henderson 2017, pp.19).According to him, an effective leader sums up all what others say and forms harmony among the diverse opinions. Accepting the flaws and mistakes and being self-aware is the key to success: The movie portrayed the bold speeches and realization of the leader that he was not resistant to flattery and periodic judgments. It is important to make sacrifices as a leader in certain situations: The greatest sacrifice by the leader as shown in the movie was his decision of not appealing for his conviction (Ferraris 2015, pp.1413).He believed that the movement and whatever he has done was for moral reasons, for his country. Besides, an analysis of the effective leadership skills identified from the movie and from the character of Nelson Mandela is listed below: Keeping a track of the long-term purposes and encouraging the followers to join the mission The mission or achieving a target is important but not more than family at any level Encouraging the team members to join and make suggestions in the decision-making process. Forget and forgive (Klassen 2017,pp.26). Emotions are an important part of a human life and being a leader it is essential to express them to the other people One should never let his targets or goals cause close-mindedness. Lastly one should be loyal to himself and to the country since loyalty pays. The movie shows a different dimension of the character of the great leader. Apart from the leadership lessons from his nature, the movie highlighted three main components of a successful leadership trait. These are: The key to freedom is Education: From the beginning of his career, Mandela realized that education is the one and the only true path to success and freedom. The movie shows his outstanding efforts in academics and his successful career in law. Challenge the authority-the one and only way to be recognized and remembered: The movie shows how Mandela as a child developed strong opinions regarding the injustice in the society which enabled him to gain the courage to challenge the authority. The most crucial time to practice is just after your biggest failure: The movie shows that in 1964, Mandela was taken into custody after he was caught in the conspiracy to overthrow the government (Beresford 2014, pp.297).Right after this devastating failure, Mandela got right back to practice, stood up and started the protest again. Conclusion Leaders are more effective when their behavior is dependable in certain situations. Situations influence the consequences of the behavior of a leader. The above analysis depicts the Leadership effectiveness model of DuBrin and the factors influencing the effectiveness of leadership. The report is an analysis of the film Mandela: Long Walk to Freedom, the autobiography of the famous humanitarian leader Nelson Mandela. The leadership traits by the leader and the links with the DuBrins model have been analyzed. Leading through a critical situation is a form of contingency leadership, Mandela throughout his life has fought for his black countrymen who were looked down upon by the whites. The movie shows how he left his successful career in advocacy and ended up in jail before becoming the first black president of South Africa.The path-goal theory and the Fiedlers Contingency Theory has been the best example of the leadership style of Nelson Mandela. The report highlights Mandelas strateg ic vision and the tenacity to hold it with his self-belief and unbreakable self-confidence. His struggle against the apartheid, life in the prison and electing as a successful leader shows his commitment towards his country. This report summarizes all the lessons in leadership one can acquire from Nelson Mandela. References Alvesson, M. and Spicer, A., 2012. Critical leadership studies: The case for critical performativity.Human relations,65(3), pp.367-390. Avolio, B.J. and Yammarino, F.J. eds., 2013. Introduction to, and overview of, transformational and charismatic leadership. InTransformational and Charismatic Leadership: The Road Ahead 10th Anniversary Edition(pp. xxvii-xxxiii). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Beresford, A., 2014. Nelson Mandela and the politics of South Africa's unfinished liberation.Review of African Political Economy,41(140), pp.297-305. Brooks, X. 2018.Mandela: Long Walk to Freedom review. [online] the Guardian. 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Lead from the front: Participative leadership.The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery,150(6), pp.1413-1415. Jallow, B.G., 2015. African Leadership Studies: Beyond Theoretical Exceptionalism.Journal of Leadership, Accountability and Ethics,12(3), pp.11. Jordan, P.J., Werner, A. and Venter, D., 2015. Achieving excellence in private intensive care units: The effect of transformational leadership and organisational culture on organisational change outcomes.SA Journal of Human Resource Management,13(1), pp.10-pages. Kark, R. and Shamir, B., 2013. The dual effect of transformational leadership: Priming relational and collective selves and further effects on followers. InTransformational and Charismatic Leadership: The Road Ahead 10th Anniversary Edition(pp. 77-101). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Klassen, T., 2017. Quilts: Conscience of the Human Spirit: The Life of Nelson Mandela: Tributes by Quilt Artists from South Africa and the United States (MacDowell and Mazloomi).Museum Anthropology Review,11(1), pp.26-28. Landis, E.A., Hill, D. and Harvey, M.R., 2014. A synthesis of leadership theories and styles.Journal of Management Policy and Practice,15(2), pp.97. Latham, J.R., 2014. Leadership for quality and innovation: Challenges, theories, and a framework for future research.Quality Management Journal,21(1), pp.11-15. Lituchy, T.R., Metwally, E.K. and Henderson, C.A., 2017. Views on Effective Leadership from Insiders and Outsiders.AIB Insights,17(1), pp.19. Mandela, N., 2015. Let the children goadvocacy for children in detention by the Royal Australasian College of Physicians. McCleskey, J.A., 2014. Situational, transformational, and transactional leadership and leadership development.Journal of Business Studies Quarterly,5(4), p.117. Moghalu, K.C., 2017. Africa's Leadership Conundrum.Fletcher F. World Aff.,41, p.171. Nanjundeswaraswamy, T.S. and Swamy, D.R., 2014. Leadership styles.Advances in management,7(2), pp.57. Nur, S., 2015. Analysis of interpersonal metafunction in public speeches: a case study of nelson mandelas presidential inauguration speech.The International Journal of Social Sciences,30(1), pp.52-63. Rule, P., 2017. Nelson Mandela and Dialogic Lifelong Learning. InNelson Mandela(pp. 31-44). SensePublishers, Rotterdam. Senge, P., Hamilton, H. and Kania, J., 2015. The dawn of system leadership.Stanford Social Innovation Review,13(1), pp.27-33. Sethuraman, K. and Suresh, J., 2014. Effective leadership styles.International Business Research,7(9), pp.165. Sternlight, J.R., Schneider, A., Menkel-Meadow, C., Mnookin, R., Goldstone, R. and Andrews, P., 2015. Making Peace with Your Enemy: Nelson Mandela and His Contributions to Conflict Resolution.Nev. LJ,16, p.281. The New Times 2015. BOOK REVIEW: Long Walk to Freedom: The Autobiography of Mandela. [online] Available at: https://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/read/187847/ [Accessed 22 Mar. 2018]. Von Krogh, G., Nonaka, I. and Rechsteiner, L., 2012. Leadership in organizational knowledge creation: A review and framework.Journal of Management Studies,49(1), pp.240-277. Yukl, G., 2012. Effective leadership behavior: What we know and what questions need more attention.The Academy of Management Perspectives,26(4), pp.66-85. Lorelai Desjardinshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04887448412328754178noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6302481612160522060.post-80622302787411380792019-11-30T06:07:00.001-08:002019-11-30T06:07:04.567-08:00Othello Essays (777 words) - Othello, Iago, Brabantio, Othello Language Task: Show how Othello`s language reflects the change in the mood between the early part of the play (act I) and act III scene III (line 334, end, and the death scene). Intro: Othello is the story of an African general who falls in love with a rich Venetian nobleman's Daughter, to wed her, but after a short while things aren't all what they seem. When lieutenant Iago puts his foot in it and stirs up relationships to degenerate general Othello out of jealousy. Othello loses it and thing's go very downhill. Act I scene II: In this part of the play it does not seem as though Othello is a man who likes trouble within his environment unless on the battleground. He likes to keep an idyllic situation, quote "Tis better as it is" (Othello at the start of the play ) he uses short and simple language. Next Othello says, "let him do his spite, my services which I have done my signiory" He is telling Brabantio to say what he wants as the council will never put me away for the services I have done for this country. Othello knows he's in control, he shows this by using words like Stuff, I lack,......service, Yerked, Magnifico, Give him cable, etc. The first impressions of Othello are: YEAH, THIS GUY KNOWS, WHAT HES DOING FOR SURE, as he is a fluent speaker, good with words and very highly confident. He shows his confidence when he speaks quote "My parts, my title, and my perfect soul shall manifest me rightly", -he is trying to say I know what I am doing, and what I am doing is right. "My life upon her faith", -Again confidence. Desdemona will not say a word against my actions or me. He has exact control of all situations and conversations. We can see all this observing his general code of language and his behaviour when in difficult situations. In his second quote he says to Brabantio that, you can say what you want, I shall allow you, as I knows that I will not go to jail as I have done too much for Venice. (Again confidence). When the council is questioning him, he manages to sweet talk his way out of it by using the tone of his voice (calm and gentle) and words like, Most reverend signiores etc. "But I love thee gentle Desdemona" Is his next quote to the council. His vocabulary is very big and he thoroughly has control of his sentences and actions. Othello starts off with his characteristic dignified idiom but due to a man, whose every utterance is deception, who takes Othello into false words to change the identities of his loved ones to be his worst enemies, Othello degenerates to become a psycho. Othello first uses the power of his speech (to show his position), to create his image, but then falls to be, in a way, a psychiatric (false), villain, who kills his friends, and his only family. Iago does not show his opposition to Othello but does always create a yes sir, yes sir, three bags full sir atmosphere when around him. (False friendship). Othello often uses colourful words in sound and in his speech (e.g.; - Keep up your bright swords, for the due will"...shows he is also a powerful speaker. Othello never steps out the soldier image and he always keeps precise speech, sincerity and devotion to his job. Even in his fall he stays a soldier- "Damn her, lewd minx! Oh damn her, damn her (three times), come, go with me apart, will withdraw, to furnish me with some swift means of death, for the fair devil, now art though my lieutenant". Towards the end of the play, Othello begins to lose his powerful speech in himself, as he is not so confident. What Iago says about Desdemona and Cassio, he starts to believe, but then he is unsure of it, he even loses it physically, where starts to have eppiliptical fits. In and around act III scene III Othello begins to lose his self-confidence, where he begins to see his wife and himself through Iago's eyes. He also begins to corrupt himself because of Iago's characteristic expression. His style begins to break down, and he begins to get very agitated. Othello starts to repeat his words three times just to establish himself. When he talks of his wife he uses words such as pish, nose, ears, lips, its possible, confess, handkerchief, oh devil. These words Lorelai Desjardinshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04887448412328754178noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6302481612160522060.post-39618864485164619532019-11-26T01:17:00.001-08:002019-11-26T01:17:07.042-08:00Guidelines Alternative Medicine EssayGuidelines Alternative Medicine Essay Guidelines: Alternative Medicine Essay alzheimers.org.uk Complementary and alternative therapies and dementia There are high levels of public interest in the various complementary and alternative therapies available today. Many people with dementia, and those who care for them, are interested in using these therapies as alternatives or additions to their conventional treatments, often due to the perceived benefits that they may bring and the image of being ââ¬Ësafeââ¬â¢ and ââ¬Ënaturalââ¬â¢. This factsheet explains what complementary and alternative therapies are, outlines several therapies for which there is some evidence of their effectiveness and describes how to access these treatments. This factsheet only addresses therapies that have an evidence base and does not cover treatments for which there is no clinical evidence of effectiveness in dementia, even if they are widely used (such as homeopathy). What are complementary and alternative therapies? The term ââ¬Ëcomplementary and alternative therapyââ¬â¢ covers many diverse forms of treatment. Complementary and alternative therapies are a broad range of treatments that are outside of conventional medicine and are used to treat or prevent illness and promote health and well-being. Practitioners of complementary therapies are not trained to diagnose disease. 1 The area of complementary and alternative medicine is controversial and changes regularly. Therapies that are considered ââ¬Ëcomplementaryââ¬â¢ or ââ¬Ëalternativeââ¬â¢ in one country may be considered conventional in another. Therapies that are currently considered alternative may become more mainstream over time, as researchers discover their effectiveness and they become integrated into mainstream health care practice. Some complementary and alternative therapies are now available on the NHS, although this varies from region to region. Using complementary and alternative therapy versus conventional medicine Complementary and alternative therapy should only be used in addition to, not instead of, conventional medicine. If you decide to use complementary and alternative therapy it is important that you continue to see your doctor and keep them informed of the treatments you are having. Although most complementary and alternative treatments have a good safety profile they are not 100 per cent safe and there are serious safety concerns about some therapies. For example, some herbal preparations may interact harmfully with conventional drugs. It is therefore very important that your doctor knows exactly what you are taking. Donââ¬â¢t be nervous about telling your doctor what you are using ââ¬â awareness of complementary and alternative therapy is increasing among the medical profession, and most doctors are sympathetic to its use. How widespread is complementary and alternative therapy? At least one in four people in England are thought to have used complementary or alternative therapy in the past year. In recent surveys, 85 per cent of medical students, 76 per cent of GPs and 69 2 per cent of hospital doctors have said they feel that complementary therapies should be made available on the NHS. This widespread interest helps to encourage research in the area. One common concern is the difficulty in regulating such a varied range of treatments. Most forms of complementary and alternative therapy have one or more governing bodies, which set standards for the training and services provided and codes of conduct for practitioners. However, these are often self-regulated and membership tends to be voluntary. A report by the House of Lords in 2000 called for more regulation, and research to investigate effectiveness and safety. However, current regulation is still patchy. In 2008 the Department of Health funded the Princeââ¬â¢s Foundation for Integrated Health to set up the Complementary and Natural Healthcare Council to regulate 12 alternative therapies, such as aromatherapy, reflexology and homeopathy (see ââ¬ËUseful Lorelai Desjardinshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04887448412328754178noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6302481612160522060.post-77948595471838524202019-11-22T08:40:00.001-08:002019-11-22T08:40:07.260-08:00Attitude Legislation And Litigation Education EssayAttitude Legislation And Litigation Education Essay Provision of education in the current world has been faced with many challenges especially regarding the equality issues in the society. This paper addresses the social implications of attitude, legislation and litigation on the lives of students with disabilities. Introduction Over the years, disabled people in the society have been forced to live with many challenges regarding their disabled status. Disabled people have several problems in terms of movement, education and many other social activities as they are not able to participate and be able to be involved in these activities. The education sector has not been left out as the disabled students are faced with many challenges in learning compared to their fellow students who are not disabled. The society has been forced to come up with ways in which the disabled can be given preferential treatment and services compared to the other members of the society through introduction of legislation and mitigations to govern the educati on of the disabled. For the past years, the services given to people with disability especially in the education sector have been ineffective as a result of several reasons that cause poor service delivery to the disabled in the special education sector. Financial issue has been a major hindrance in provision of services in the special education sector as there have been issues of fewer funds allocated to this sector. There is also a problem regarding logistics as the assistance and services offered by several agencies require a lot of effort for them to act and give the necessary help needed (Gordon, 2004 p.72-89). The attitude of people towards people with disabilities has several impacts on the lives of the people living with disabilities. The disabled have been forced to live with the impacts of negative social attitude towards them and a further social stigma apart from the larger problem they are facing regarding their mental or physical impediments as a result of their disabi lity. The negative attitude towards people with disabilities can be seen through social rejection of disabled people by the society members a vice that is present across several cultures. People with disabilities have several more needs than that of a normal person and therefore there is development of a notion in the society that people with disabilities are a burden to the society. This factor helps nature the negative attitude towards people with disabilities in the society. This negative attitude impacts negatively on the lives of students with disabilities as it makes them see themselves as a burden to the society from their many needs and furthers the social stigma these students are faced with a factor that impacts negatively on their education. Attitude towards people with disability has been negatively displayed through several cultures that see mental retardation as souls that are possessed by evil spirits or punished by God and hence require religious interventions or exo rcism. Such attitudes vested in the minds of people impacts negatively on their attitude towards the disabled as they are forced to see the disabled as less human beings and further the social stigma faced by people with disability (Gordon, 2004 p.72-89) Lorelai Desjardinshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04887448412328754178noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6302481612160522060.post-46508533194022477582019-11-20T21:58:00.001-08:002019-11-20T21:58:07.379-08:00The Requisite Factors to Successful Team Buildup Research PaperThe Requisite Factors to Successful Team Buildup - Research Paper Example The goal of teams should be to share knowledge and other pertinent information in a free manner, to learn from each other, to assist each other in the completion of mutual jobs, to assist each other in the breaking of bottlenecks that are unexpected when they occur, to flexibly shift workloads and to share the resources at their disposal. All these expectations can be summed up by simply saying that collaboration yields the best results in teams. Team members should be in a position to say that they ââ¬Å"swim and sinkâ⬠together, desire for the success of each other and consider their goals as being common (Bayazit & Mannix, 2003). The starting point in order to achieve the set objectives is the support from the executive. The most senior educatorà ´s policy is the one that is reflected in the everyday performance by the teams. Research has shown that teams usually perform to the best of their abilities following their executivesà ´ investment in support of social relationsh ips, the creation of gift culture, demonstration of collaborative behaviour within themselves and in the interaction with employees (Shadur, 1999). Interaction perhaps is the most crucial as employees will view it as a gift in itself and will treasure it hence acting as a motivator. The investment in signature relationships among employees and subordinates can be in a variety of ways equally effective and unique to the setup they are being invested in. For example, having a single staffroom where teachers have cubicles can assist in the creation of a community sense compared to having individual offices for teachers. Lorelai Desjardinshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04887448412328754178noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6302481612160522060.post-64006200463383988522019-11-19T02:18:00.001-08:002019-11-19T02:18:04.520-08:00Poll 211 research paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 wordsPoll 211 - Research Paper Example The war affected virtually every nation of the world as each moved to align themselves with either the U.S. or the Soviet Union. This paper examines how the Cold War affected the U.S. foreign policy then and now. In terms of its organization, a proxy of the Cold War is discussed. Next, the author explains the factors that led to the collapse of the Soviet Union and the resultant chaos. Next, the author discusses the impact of the collapse of the Soviet Union at three levels: the impact on scholars of international relations at the time and the impact on the U.S. foreign policy then and now. Finally, the author draws conclusions about international relations based on the findings of the research. A proxy war is fought alongside a major full-scale conflict(Leffler & Painter, 2005). Usually, a major power will instigate a proxy war without directly involving itself. Many proxy wars were fought during the Cold War. The wars provided opportunities for the United States and the Soviet Union to stage armed conflict ââ¬Å"behindâ⬠the Cold War. The Greek Civil War was one of such proxy wars. The Greek civil war pitted the Democratic Army of Greece (DSE), supported by the U.S. against the Communist Party of Greece (KKE), whom Russia backed(Nachmani, 1990).The DSE wanted to gain control of the country from the KKE. Backed by and Britain and the U.S., the DSE were initially successful. Besides the backing by the two powers, the DSE had superior maneuvers in the battlefield. Meanwhile, the KKE made many political errors and Yugoslavia withdrew their support for them. Yugoslaviaââ¬â¢s withdrawal marked the beginning of the fall of the KKE. In the end, DSE won the war. Greece largely abandoned Communism and the sphere of influence of democratic/capitalist ideals increased as did tensions between the two powers. In December 1991, Americas rival, the Lorelai Desjardinshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04887448412328754178noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6302481612160522060.post-35110045832232824442019-11-16T14:50:00.001-08:002019-11-16T14:50:04.448-08:00Biographical and Psychological Strategies Essay Example for Free Biographical and Psychological Strategies Essay Often, people would resolve into using the biographical strategy when they come into a dead end in trying to interpret a work. This is what I like about this particular strategy because it can provide answers to unanswered questions that are not possible to be derived from the work alone. Sometimes, a look at the life of the author helps in understanding a piece of literature. Some say that is a lazy manââ¬â¢s approach into interpreting a text but that does not mean that it is not an effective way. I believe that in all works, there is always a piece of the author in their writings, making this strategy a valid one. We simply cannot deny the fact that the works of an author are almost always influenced by his experiences. I also like how this approach becomes investigative in nature because of the ââ¬Å"diggingâ⬠of information for the authorsââ¬â¢ lives. What I Donââ¬â¢t Like About Psychological Strategies Unlike biographical strategies, psychological strategies do not quite get me that excited. This strategy urges critics to look for ââ¬Å"symbolicâ⬠meanings in every work which just complicate things. Though I understand the importance of symbols in literature, this strategy can sometimes be used too much and give symbolism into things and events that are not even meant by the author to have symbols. Though this might contradict my likeness for biographical strategies, I believe that events should (at least most of the time) stand on their own. Another thing that I do not like about psychological strategies is the Oedipus complex theory; it is just far too taboo for me to think of such things. Speaking of theory, this is what mostly this strategy is based onââ¬âtheory, which means, it is not as reliable as a biographical approach because the latter is based on the lives of the authors, not on speculated ideas. Lorelai Desjardinshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04887448412328754178noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6302481612160522060.post-66479755240916213852019-11-14T03:21:00.001-08:002019-11-14T03:21:03.382-08:00Legionnaireââ¬â¢s Disease Essay -- Diseases, DisordersLegionnaires disease, characterized as a form of pneumonia, is an infectious disease caused by the bacteria Legionella. Legionnaires disease accumulated its name after it spread to more than 4,000 World War II Legionnaires, as well as their family and friends, which all gathered to participate in the 58th American Legion's convention in Philadelphia, about 600 of whom were staying at the hotel this convention was being held at. The day after the convention was being hosted, a great number of the people began feeling ill. No one began to think anything of it, because the symptoms were beginning to be very similar to any other stomach flu. It wasnââ¬â¢t until the American Legionnaires started dying of an illness no one could figure out what was, that endless tests were completed, and Medical specialists came to a conclusion that a bacteria, Legionella, was spreading through the air conditioning vents in the convention hotel. (Legionnaires disease: A history if its discovery). This n on contagious infection enters the body through contaminated bacteria into water vapor that we breathe in, affecting the bronchial tubes, and lungs. Legionnaires disease was then given itââ¬â¢s name in 1976, after it killed 34 people from the convention in Philadelphia. People affected with Legionnaires disease often have signs and symptoms extremely similar to signs associated with the flu, such as muscle aches, headaches, loss of appetite, and cough. Fevers tend to get high, ranging from temperatures of 102-105 degrees. Symptoms of Legionnaires disease usually do not show up until 2-10 days after a person is infected with the bacteria, and people normally experience other symptoms such as diarrhea and stomach cramps. Pontiac Fever, also known to be associate... ... Edelstein, Paul H. Legionnaires Disease: History and Clinical Findings. Legionella: Molecular Microbiology, n.d. Web. 12 Dec. 2011. http://www.open-access-biology.com/legionella/edelstein.html. Nordqvist, Christian. "What Is Legionnaires' Disease? What Causes Legionnaires' Disease?" Medical News Today. National Health Service , n.d. Web. 13 Dec. 2011. http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/18413.php. "Legionnaires' disease: FAQ." HC Info. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Dec. 2011. http://www.hcinfo.com/ldfaq.htm. Legionnaires Disease, What is it? Yahoo groups, n.d. Web. 14 Dec. 2011. http://www.gatesit.com.au/legion/Legionnaires_Disease_What_is_it.htm. "Legionnaires' disease." Mayo Clinic. N.p., 2 Aug. 2011. Web. 15 Dec. 2011. http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/legionnaires-disease/DS00853. Lorelai Desjardinshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04887448412328754178noreply@blogger.com0